From the Gulf to Ararat

This account written by G.E. Hubbard, secretary of the delimitation commission is of his journey in Mesopotamia (Iraq) and Kurdistan from Nov. 1913 to Apr 1914. It is an account written by an astute political mind and contains much information, The western frontier between Persia and the Ottoman Empire was long a source of disputed claims by cach. Supposedly settled under the Treaty of Ezerum of 1847, in reality it took a further seventy years to settle the details. This was achieved by the Turco Persian Frontier Commission. Ernest Hubbard was Secretary to the Commission and a key factor in its success. From the Gulf to Ararat is his account of the Commission and of the regions through which they travelled. Often amusing but always informative it reveals the realities of making a boundary in practice and the need to be aware of local factors such as race, tradition, and religion, when dealing with boundary issues.