Le Livre de la jungle

Le Livre de la Jungle est un recueil de nouvelles dont chacune raconte une histoire qui se passe dans la jungle, forêt de l'Inde où vivent des animaux sauvages typiques du pays, ainsi que des hommes. Les nouvelles se succèdent dans un ordre qui n'est pas nécessairement chronologique, et permettent de découvrir par différents côtés la destinée de Mowgli petit d'homme, son éducation, la vie sociale du monde des animaux, et les lois de la Jungle auxquelles tous sont soumis, les hommes aussi. Les histoires ne se déroulent pas toutes dans la jungle indienne (ainsi, l'histoire des phoques se déroule en Alaska et mentionne les lois de la plage) et ne font pas toutes intervenir Mowgli.
À la fin de chaque nouvelle, un court chant en vers, en rapport avec cette dernière, offre un pendant poétique. Par exemple, le Chant de Mowgli à la suite de Au tigre ! au tigre !, le Chant de Darzee à la suite de Rikki-Tikki-Tavi, etc.

Joseph Rudyard Kipling (1865 - 1936) was an English journalist, short-story writer, poet and novelist. Kipling's works of fiction include The Jungle Book (1894), Kim (1901) and many short stories, including "The Man Who Would Be King" (1888). His poems include "Mandalay" (1890), "Gunga Din" (1890), "The Gods of the Copybook Headings" (1919), "The White Man's Burden" (1899) and "If-" (1910). He is regarded as a major innovator in the art of the short story; his children's books are classics of children's literature and one critic described his work as exhibiting "a versatile and luminous narrative gift". Kipling was one of the most popular writers in the United Kingdom, in both prose and verse, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Henry James said: "Kipling strikes me personally as the most complete man of genius, as distinct from fine intelligence, that I have ever known." In 1907, at the age of 42, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first English-language writer to receive the prize and its youngest recipient to date. He was also sounded out for the British Poet Laureateship and on several occasions for a knighthood, both of which he declined.