The Essential Turing

- Developed the mathematical theory upon, which all stored program digital computers are modeled - Pioneered Artificial Intelligence - Played an essential role in deciphering Enigma, the code used by the German High Command during the Second World War to protect their radio communications - Founding father of modern cognitive science

B. J. Copeland is Reader in Philosophy at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand.

Alan Turing 1912-1954
Computable Numbers: A Guide
1: On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidensproblem (1936)
2: Alan Turing, Emil Post, and Donald W. Davies: On Computable Numbers: Corrections and Critiques
3: Systems of Logic Based on Ordinals (1938)
4: Letters on Logic to Max Newman (c. 1940)
Enigma
5.: Patrick Mahon: History of Hut 8 to December 1941 (1845)
6: Bombe and Spider (1940)
7: Letter to Winston Churchill (1941)
8: Memorandum to OP-20-G on Naval Enigma (c. 1941)
Artificial Intelligence
9: Lecture on the Automatic Computing Machine (1947)
10: Intelligent Machinery (1948)
11: Computing Machinery and Intelligence (1950)
12: Intelligent Machinery, A Heretical Theory (c. 1951)
13: Can Digital Computers Think?
14: Alan Turing, Richard Braithwaite, Geoffrey Jefferson, and Max Newman: Can Automatic Calculating Machines Be Said to Think? (1952)
Artificial Life
15: The Chemical Basis of Morphogenesis (1952)
16: Chess (1953)
17: Solvable and Unsolvable Problems (1954)