An Archaeology of Identity

What happened to Roman soldiers in Britain during the decline of the empire in the 4th and 5th centuries? Did they withdraw, defect, or go native? More than a question of military history, this is the starting point for Andrew Gardner's incisive exploration of social identity in Roman Britain, in the Roman Empire, and in ancient society. Drawing on the sociological theories of Anthony Giddens and others, Gardner shapes an approach that focuses on the central role of practice in the creation and maintenance of identities-nationalist, gendered, class, and ethnic. This theory is then tested against the material remains of Roman soldiers in Britain to show how patterning of stratigraphy, architecture, and artifacts supports his theoretical construct. The result is a retelling of the story of late Roman Britain sharply at odds with the traditional text-driven histories and a theory of human action that offers much to current debates across the social sciences.

Dr. Andrew Gardner is currently Lecturer in Roman Archaeology at Cardiff University. His previous publications include the edited volume Agency Uncovered: archaeological perspectives on social agency, power and being human (UCL Press), and his research interests include the social dynamics of Roman imperialism and the role of material culture in the expression of identity. From September 2005 he will be Lecturer in the Archaeology of the Roman Empire at University College London.

Introduction: the Roman empire in the 21st century; Points of departure: The practice of identity; Identity of doing: artefacts and contexts; Identities of dwelling: structures and spaces; Worlds within worlds: the wider empire; Points of return: social stories; Epilogue: Whose Roman Britain?