Biosoziologie

The author proposes seven basic laws which apply to biocoenoses: I. No plant or animal lives in isolation. They all belong to one or other community and fit into this community. 2. The environment allows only one biocoenosis which harmonises with its properties. It provides the community with place, food, water and energy. 3. Every biocoenosis is organized in the space on and in the soil, needs a minimum area, and has only a limited number of contact communities. 4. All functions are organized in time, as shown by daily, seasonal and other rhythms. s. There is an endogenous, functional organisation which allows only a limited number of plants or animals to live together. 6. The result of a sociological structure is work, as shown by the renova­ tion of the community, the production of organic compounds, the for­ mation and transformation of soil. 7. All normal biocoenoses are harmonic. LITERATUUR TUXEN, R.: Vegetations-und standortskundliche Grundlagen flir Rekulti­ vierungsmaBnahmen in Tagebaugebieten. - Natur u. Landschaft 34 (3): 34/5. Bad Godesberg 1959. SCHMITHUSEN: Wir danken fUr diesen iiberaus instruktiven Vortrag, der von der anderen Seite, von der reinen Anschauung, von der Empirie, im Grunde doch zu den gleichen Problemen, z.T. auch zu den gleichen Grundanschauungen gekommen ist, wie der erste Vortrag, der von der rein geistigen Seite an diese Fragen heranging.