Walden

This is perhaps Thoreau's most famous transcendentalist work. The text is a reflection upon simple living in natural surroundings. The work is part personal declaration of independence, social experiment, voyage of spiritual discovery, satire, and manual for self-reliance. First published in 1854, Walden details Thoreau's experiences over the course of two years, two months, and two days in a cabin he built near Walden Pond, amidst woodland owned by his friend and mentor Ralph Waldo Emerson, near Concord, Massachusetts. Thoreau used this time to write his first book, "A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers." The experience later inspired "Walden", in which Thoreau compresses the time into a single calendar year and uses passages of four seasons to symbolize human development. By immersing himself in nature, Thoreau hoped to gain a more objective understanding of society through personal introspection. Simple living and self-sufficiency were Thoreau's other goals, and the whole project was inspired by transcendentalist philosophy, a central theme of the American Romantic Period.

Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was a pivotal American author, philosopher, and naturalist whose life and writings defined the Transcendentalist movement. He is most celebrated for his experiment in simple living at Walden Pond and his profound influence on the concept of civil disobedience.