Vigilante Islamists

Vigilante Islamists investigates the role that Pakistan's Islamist political parties have played since the 1990s as both collaborators and competitors with violent anti-state movements. Drawing on dozens of interviews with party insiders, Urdu-language publications, and internal documents, White explains the ways in which these small but influential parties have navigated between their interests in championing an ever-more expansive vision of Islamic law, and continuing their legitimate participation in democratic politics. The book argues that the decisions of Islamist parties about whether to embrace violent anti-state movements or countenance vigilantism within their own ranks are shaped in part by their religious and ideological traditions, but more so by their own vulnerabilities-both to radical fringe groups, and to Pakistan's own powerful security services. The book's five case studies, spanning three decades, map these vulnerabilities and motivations within the country's leading Islamist parties. This analysis provides insights into the inner workings of prominent Islamist organizations, and the strategies that they select to endorse, or quietly undermine, anti-state militants. More broadly, the book sheds light on how and when Islamist parties in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East might decide to collaborate with radical movements that violently challenge the existing political order.

Joshua T. White is Professor of the Practice of International Affairs at The Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) in Washington, and a Nonresident Fellow at The Brookings Institution. He previously served at the White House as Senior Advisor and Director for South Asian Affairs at the National Security Council, and as a Senior Advisor in the Office of the Secretary of Defense. He has written widely on security and political topics in South Asia.

Part I1 'Democratic Islamists' and the Anti-State Turn2 The Islamist Party Landscape3 Ideology and Islamist Party Behavior4 The Structural Roots of Islamist Party Behavior: Party Organization and Affiliate Relationships5 The Structural Roots of Islamist Party Behavior: Relationships with Militants and the State
Part II6 Early Uprisings: TNSM in Malakand7 Islamic Governance and the Allure of Vigilantism: The MMA in the Frontier8 Capital Crimes: The Red Mosque in Islamabad9 Good Taliban, Bad Taliban: Negotiating the TTP's Rise10 Barelvi Street Power: The TLP11 Conclusion: The Conflicted Islamists