Liu Shaoqi and the Chinese Cultural Revolution

By addressing the issues that decimated China's monolithic elite in the late 1960s, this text illuminates not only the life and fate of Liu Shaoqi, but also the policy-making process of a revolutionary state facing the diverting exigencies of economic modernization and political development.

Lowell Dittmer

I: Liu's Fall; 1: Introduction; 2: The Life and Times of Liu Shaoqi; 3: Prologue: The Storm Gathers; 4: The Fall of Liu Shaoqi; 5: Liu Shaoqi in the Cultural Revolution; II: Two Roads; 6: Liu Shaoqi and Mao Zedong: A Comparison of Character, Political Style, and Policy; 7: The "Capitalist Road": Critique and Metacritique; III: Criticism and Self-Criticism; 8: Toward a Theory of Mass Criticism; 9: Mass Criticism and Mass Line; 10: The Structural Evolution of Criticism and Self-Criticism; Afterword