Routledge Handbook of Complementary and Alternative Medicine

The provision and use of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has been growing globally over the last 40 years. As CAM develops alongside - and sometimes integrates with - conventional medicine, this handbook provides the first major overview of its regulation and professionalization from social science and legal perspectives. The Routledge Handbook of Complementary and Alternative Medicine draws on historical and international comparative research to provide a rigorous and thematic examination of the field. It argues that many popular and policy debates are stuck in a polarized and largely asocial discourse, and that interdisciplinary social science perspectives, theorising diversity in the field, provide a much more robust evidence base for policy and practice in the field. Divided into four sections, the handbook covers: - analytical frameworks - power, professions and health spaces - risk and regulation - perspectives for the future. This important volume will interest social science and legal scholars researching complementary and alternative medicine, professional identify and health care regulation, as well as historians and health policymakers and regulators.

Nicola K. Gale is a health sociologist based at the Health Services Management Centre at the University of Birmingham, UK. She started her career at the University of Warwick, where her PhD was a comparative ethnographic study of training colleges for homeopaths and osteopaths in the UK. Since then, she has developed a portfolio of research in the fields of health services research, public health, primary care, community-led health care and complementary and alternative health care. She is committed to theoretically-informed empirical work that helps better understand, involve and meet the needs of a diverse population. Methodologically, she specializes in place-based and embodied qualitative methods, user involvement in health care and research, and public engagement in social sciences. Her research has been published in journals such as Sociology of Health and Illness, Health and Place, Implementation Science, Medical Research Methodology, Family Practice and Complementary Therapies in Medicine. Jean V. McHale is Professor of Healthcare Law and Director of the Centre for Health Law Science and Policy at Birmingham Law School, University of Birmingham, UK. Her books include Medical Confidentiality and Legal Privilege (1993); Health Law and the European Union (2004, with Hervey) and Health Care Law Text and Materials (2nd ed, 2007, with Fox); edited collections include Principles of Medical Law (2010, with Grubb and Laing). Her new monograph, European Health Law, with Tamara Hervey, will be published in 2015.

Introduction Part 1: Disciplinary Frameworks, Law, Sociology and History 1. Limits and Liberties: CAM, regulation and the medical consumer in historical perspective 2. Power and Professionalism in CAM: A Sociological Approach 3. Legal Frameworks, Professional Regulation and CAM Practice: Perspectives from the UK Part 2: Diversity of Professions and Practices 4. Developing Naturopathy in Interwar Britain 5. Practising Ayurveda in the UK: Simplification, Modification, Hyphenation and Hybridisation 6. Shamanism and Safety: Ancient Practices and Modern Issues 7. The Knowledgeable Doer: Nurse and Midwife Integration of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in NHS Hospitals 8. The Nexus Between the Social and the Medical: How can we Understand the Proliferation of Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Enhancing Fertility and Treating Infertility Part 3: Risk and Regulation: CAM Products, Practitioners and the State 9. Making CAM Auditable: Technologies of Assurance in CAM Practice Today 10. The Harm Principle and Liability for CAM Practice: A Comparative Analysis of Canadian and United States Health Freedom Laws 11. Risk and Regulation: CAM Products, Practitioners and the State: Perspective on Risk and Protection of the Public in the Australian Media 12. Traditional Medicine and the Law in Kenya 13. Regulation of Complementary Medicines in Australia: Influences and Policy Drivers 14. Intuitive Spiritual Medicine: Negotiating Incommensurability 15. Traditional Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture Practitioners and the Canadian Health Care System: The Role of the State in Creating the Necessary Vacancies 16. Aspirations, Integration and the Politics of Regulation in the YK, Past and Future Part 4: Critical Perspectives on Knowledge in CAM 17. CAM and Conventional Medicine in Switzerland: Divided in Theory, United in Practice 18. Patient Choice and Professional Regulation: How Patients Choose CAM Practitioners 19. (Re)Articulating Identities Through Learning Space: Training for Massage and Reflexology 20. Research Evidence and Clinical Practice in Homeopathy 21. Towards a Learning Profession? Adapting Clinical Governance for Complementary and Alternative Medicine 22. The Relation Between the Advancement of CAM Knowledge and the Regulation of Biomedical Research Conclusion