Social Enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe

The quest for a widely accepted definition of social enterprise has been a central issue. The main objective of the ICSEM Project was to show that the field would benefit much more from linking conceptualisation efforts to the huge diversity of social enterprises.

Jacques Defourny is Professor Emeritus at the Centre for Social Economy, HEC Management School, University of Liege, Belgium. He was a founder and the first President of the EMES International Research Network. Marthe Nyssens is President of the EMES International Research Network and Professor and Pro-Rector "Society and Transition", UCLouvain, Belgium.

Part I: National Overviews of Social Enterprise. 1. Social Enterprises in Bulgaria: Historical and Institutional Perspective Tsvetelina Marinova and Elisabeth Yoneva. 2. Social Enterprise in Croatia: Charting New Territories Davorka Vidovi- and Danijel Baturina. 3. Social Enterprise in the Czech Republic: Heritage and New Developments Marie Dohnalová, Durmish Guri, Jaroslava Hrab-tová, Kate-ina Legnerová and V-nceslava Šlechtová. 4. The Social Enterprise Phenomenon in the Georgian Context Maya Giorbelidze. 5. Social Enterprise in Hungary: Concepts, Models and Institutions Éva G. Fekete, László Hubai, Julianna Kiss and Melinda Mihály. 6. Challenges for Social Enterprises in Latvia Henrijs Kalkis, Lolita Vilka, L-sma L-c-te--urbe, Ilze Trapenciere and Marta Urb-ne. 7. Social Enterprises in Lithuania: Historical Roots and Current Trends Audron- Urmanavi-ien-, Egl- Butkevi-ien-, Philipp Erpf and Agota Giedr- Raišien-. 8. Social Enterprise in Poland: Institutional and Historical Context Anna Ciepielewska-Kowalik and Marzena Starnawska, in collaboration with Aleksandra Szymäska and Bartosz Pieli-ski. 9. Institutionalisation of Social Enterprise in Romania: Historical Milestones and SE Models Development Mihaela Lambru and Claudia Petrescu. 10. Social Enterprise in Russia: Developing Social Entrepreneurship Models in the Russian Legal and Socio-economic Context Yury Blagov and Yulia Aray. 11. The Landscape of Social Enterprise in the Slovak Republic Zuzana Poläková. Part II: Comparative Analyses and Perspectives. 12. The Influence of Historical and Institutional Legacies on Present-day Social Enterprises in CEE Countries: Lessons from Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic and Croatia Anna Ciepielewska-Kowalik, Davorka Vidovi-, Julianna Kiss, László Hubai, Kate-ina Legnerová and Marie Dohnalová. 13. The Role of External Financing in the Development of Social Entrepreneurship in CEE Countries Danijel Baturina, Melinda Mihály, Erila Haska, Anna Ciepielewska-Kowalik, Julianna Kiss, Ariola Agolli, Marija Bashevska, Jana Korunovska Srbijanko, Dina Rakin and Vladimir Radoji-i-. 14. Endogenous vs. Exogenous Drivers in the Development of a Social Enterprise Sector Slobodan Cvejic, Konstantina Zoehrer and Vardan Urutyan. 15. Social Enterprises in the Rural Areas: A Comparative Study of the Baltic States Roger Evans, Mervi Raudsaar, L-sma L-c-te--urbe, Egl- Butkevi-ien-, Philipp Erpf, Audrone Urmanavi-ien-, and Agota Giedr- Raišien-. 16. Testing the Relevance of Major Social Enterprise Models in Central and Eastern Europe Jacques Defourny, Marthe Nyssens and Olivier Brolis