Eine vergleichende Untersuchung von Präfixen und Suffixen in der bengalischen und deutschen Sprache

Essay aus dem Jahr 2025 im Fachbereich Germanistik - Linguistik, Note: 1, , Veranstaltung: German Studies, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Rolle der Präfixe und Suffixe in beiden Sprachen systematisch zu untersuchen, funktionale Gemeinsamkeiten aufzuzeigen und strukturelle Unterschiede zu erklären. Dadurch soll ein besseres Verständnis für sprachliche Typologien und die Herausforderungen beim Sprachlernen gewonnen werden. Die Analyse kann nicht nur zur Sprachwissenschaft beitragen, sondern auch praktische Impulse für den Sprachunterricht geben, besonders für Lernende, die Bengali oder Deutsch als Fremdsprache erwerben.
The German language, a member of the West Germanic branch of the Indo-European family, evolved from Proto-Germanic through Old, Middle, and finally New High German. It is noted for its rich word-formation system, especially the use of prefixes and suffixes to create new meanings. Bengali (Bangla), by contrast, belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-Iranian subgroup within the Indo-European family. Originating from Sanskrit and evolving through Middle Indo-Aryan stages, Bengali also relies heavily on affixation-particularly suffixes-for both grammatical and lexical development.
Despite belonging to different subgroups, both languages show functional parallels in their use of prefixes and suffixes. Prefixes in both German and Bengali serve purposes like negation and intensification, while suffixes are essential for forming nouns, adjectives, and verb forms. These similarities are especially useful in foreign language education.
However, significant differences also exist. German distinguishes between separable and inseparable prefixes-a feature absent in Bengali. Additionally, German marks grammatical case with inflectional endings, whereas Bengali uses postpositions.
This study aims to systematically compare the role of prefixes and suffixes in both languages, highlighting shared functions and structural differences. The findings contribute to linguistic typology and offer valuable implications for teaching German or Bengali as foreign languages.