Biochemical Actions of Hormones V3

Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume III is a collection of papers that deals with steroid hormone action, hypothalamic-regulating hormones, plasma membrane receptors, thyroid hormones, hormones acting on the synthesis of proteins in liver perfusion systems, as well as on approaches using genetics and cell culture. One paper explains why cell hybridization can be a useful technique in studying both genetic control of differentiated functions and of hormonal induction. Another paper discusses the general approaches in the study of ligand-membrane interactions, and cites experiments dealing with polypeptide hormones and catecholamines. It explains in detail the physiochemical interaction between a radioactively labeled ligand and the plasma membrane, either as found in an intact cell or in an isolated membrane preparation. One paper discusses the introduction and time course of estrogen-stimulated biosynthetic events in the uterus. It analyzes the relationship of the estrogen-binding protein to the biological responses of the uterus, including the "domino" versus "sustained output" model of estrogen action. One paper explains, by using a chick oviduct, how to investigate the hypothesis that hormones can activate genes to allow transcription of new species of messenger RNA. This collection can prove beneficial to biochemists, molecular biologists, cellular biologists, micro-biologists, developmental biologists, and scientists involved in cell research.

List of ContributorsPrefaceContents of Previous Volumes1. Hormones and Regulation of Cell Division: Mammalian Cell Cultures as an Experimental Approach I. Introduction II. Establishment of "Growth Responsive" Cell Lines: Its Empiricism and Pitfalls III. Control of Cell Proliferation and "Cell Cycle": Prospective Models IV. Growth Factors in Mammalian Cell Cultures: Experimental Facts and Tentative Concepts V. Fibroblast Cell Lines as Experimental Prototype Models: Present Status References2. Genetic Approaches to Enzyme Induction in Mammalian Cells and Hybrids in Culture I. Introduction II. Somatic Cell Hybridization III. Regulation of the Inducibility of Tyrosine Aminotransferase (TAT) by Corticosteroid Hormones in Interspecific Hybrids IV. Conclusion References3. Studies on the Interaction of Hormones with Plasma Membrane Receptors I. Introduction II. General Properties of Ligand-Receptor Interactions and Technical Considerations III. Examples of Studies on Hormone-Membrane Receptor Interactions IV. Summary References4. Hypothalamic Hormones I. Hypothalamic Hypophysiotropic Hormones (HHH) II. Introduction to Mechanism of HHH Action III. Cationic Effects on Hormone Secretion IV. Energy Requirements for Hormone Secretion V. Ultrastructural Changes Accompanying Hormone Secretion VI. Effect of HHH on Hormone Synthesis and Total Protein Synthesis in the Anterior Pituitary VII. Role of Cyclic Nucleotides in Pituitary Hormone Secretion VIII. Peripheral Hormonal Feedback Effects on HHH Action IX. Concluding Remarks References5. Biochemical Basis of Thyroid Hormone Action I. Introduction II. In Vitro Models of Thyroid Hormone Action III. The Nuclear Receptor Site IV. Late Hormonal Effects: Protein Synthesis, Oxygen Consumption, Sodium Transport, and Heat Production V. Concluding Remarks References6. Regulation of Net Biosynthesis of Albumin, Fibrinogen, a1-Acid Glycoprotein, a2-(Acute Phase) Globulin, and Haptoglobin by Direct Action of Hormones on the Isolated Perfused Liver I. Introduction II. Preliminary Methodological Considerations III. The Action of Hormones and the Concept of Nitrogen Balance for the Liver Perfusion System IV. Action of Single Hormones on Plasma Protein Synthesis by the Isolated Perfused Liver V. Effects of 18-Hour and 6-Day Fasts on the Response of the Isolated Liver to Full Supplementation with Insulin Plus Cortisol VI. Effects of Tryptophan Deficiency on Plasma Protein Response to Hormones VII. Effects of Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, and Thyroxine VIII. Effects of Androgens and Estrogens on Synthesis of Plasma Proteins IX. Concerning the Mechanism of Action of Hormones on Hepatic Synthesis of Plasma Proteins References7. Estrogen Actions on Syntheses of Macromolecules in Target Cells I. Introduction and Time Course of Estrogen-Stimulated Biosynthetic Events in the Uterus II. Estrogen-Receptor Interaction and Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Relationships III. The Role of Protein Synthesis in Estrogen-Stimulated Uterine Growth IV. Estrogen Induction of Specific Protein Synthesis V. Estrogen Effects on Uterine RNA Synthesis VI. Estrogen Effects on DNA and Histone Synthesis and on the Uterine Cell Cycle VII. The Relationship of the Estrogen-Binding Protein to the Biological Responses of the Uterus. The "Domino" Versus "Sustained Output" Model of Estrogen Action References8. Nucleic Acid Probes and Analysis of Hormone Action in Oviduct I. Estrogen Regulation of Ovalbumin Synthesis II. Assay for Ovalbumin mRNA in Rabbit Reticulocyte Lysates III. Isolation of Ovalbumin-Synthesizing Polysomes and Ovalbumin mRNA IV. Size of Ovalbumin mRNA V. Synthesis of Complementary DNA (cDNA) VI. Analysis of the Number of Ovalbumin Genes VII.