Chemical and Biochemical Applications

NMR of Newly Accessible Nuclei, Volume 1: Chemical and Biochemical Applications is a 10-chapter text that explores the properties, advantages, developments, and chemical and biochemical applications of NMR technique. This book describes first the operation of an NMR spectrometer under its two aspects, namely, the instrumental and the computational aspects. The next chapters are devoted to some of the most important pulse sequences. The discussion then shifts to the various factors determining the position of the observed absorption and those responsible for the various relaxation processes. The last chapters deal with the specific applications of NMR, including in cation salvation, calcium-binding proteins, polyelectrolyte systems, halogens, and antibiotic ionophores. This book is of value to inorganic and analytical chemists, and biophysicists.

Contributors General Preface Preface to Volume 1 Contents of Volume 2 A. General Features 1. Multinuclear Instrumentation and Observation I. Introduction II. The Multinuclear NMR Spectrometer III. Multinuclear Observation References 2. Techniques That Can Enhance Sensitivity, Improve Resolution, Correlate NMR Spectral Parameters, and Lead to Structural Information I. Introduction II. Sensitivity Enhancement Techniques III. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect IV. Sensitivity Enhancement via Population Transfer V. How to Determine the Number of Protons Directly Coupled to Heteronucleus VI. How to Determine the Chemical Shifts of the Protons Directly Coupled to a Heteronucleus VII. How to Determine Whether a Heteronucleus Is Directly Coupled to a Like Heteronucleus VIII. How to Determine Whether Two Nuclei Belong to the Same Coupling Network IX. Resolution Enhancement Techniques X. Concluding Remarks References 3. Computational Considerations I. Data Acquisition II. Basic Data Reduction III. Extended Features of FT NMR Processing IV. Special Problems of Broad Line Spectra V. Current Trends in NMR Computation References 4. Factors Contributing to the Observed Chemical Shifts of Heavy Nuclei I. Introduction II. Intramolecular Factors III. Intermolecular Factors References 5. Quadrupolar and Other Types of Relaxation I. Introduction II. Relaxation in the Region of Motional Narrowing III. The Rotational Correlation of Time IV. Relaxation Interactions Modulated by Molecular Rotation V. Relaxation of Quadrupolar Nuclei VI. The Future References B. Selected Features 6. Cation Solvation I. Introduction II. Chemical Shift Measurements III. Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation References 7. Calcium-Binding Proteins I. Introduction II. An Overview of Calcium-Binding Proteins III. Structure of the Calcium-Binding Site IV. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Calcium-Binding Proteins V. Future Studies References 8. Amphiphilic and Polyelectrolyte Systems I. Polyelectrolytes: Polycharged Macromolecules and Aggregates of Ionic Amphiphiles II. Counterion Binding: Methods and Theories III. Counterion Binding: Quadrupole Splittings IV. Counterion Binding: Quadrupole Relaxation V. Quadrupole Relaxation Studies on Counterion Binding to Polyelectrolytes VI. Quadrupole Relaxation and Chemical Shift Studies on Counterion Binding in Amphiphilic Systems VII. Quadrupole Splitting Studies on Counterion Binding in Amphiphilic Systems VIII. Hydration in Colloidal Systems: General Aspects and NMR Methods IX. Deuteron NMR for Phase Diagram Determination in Surfactant Systems X. 2H- and 17O-NMR Quadrupole Splittings and Hydration in Amphiphilic Mesophases XI. 17O-NMR Relaxation and the Hydration of Surfactant Micelles and Polyelectrolytes References 9. Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine I. Introduction II. Halide Ions in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions III. The ClO4- Ion IV. Surfactant Systems V. Macromolecular Systems VI. Covalently Bonded Halogens VII. Conclusions References 10. Antibiotic Ionophores I. Introduction II. Solution Conformation III. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Ion-Ionophore Interactions in Solution IV. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Membranal Systems References Index