Future Sources of Organic Raw Materials: CHEMRAWN I

Future Sources of Organic Raw Materials: CHEMRAWN I is a collection of lectures presented at the World Conference on Future Sources of Organic Raw Materials, held in Toronto, Canada, on July 10-13, 1978. The conference focused on potential future sources of organic raw materials such as non-conventional fossil hydrocarbons, coal, industrial and agricultural wastes, and renewable resources like wood and other plant materials. This book is comprised of 52 chapters and opens with an assessment of the likely future availability of conventional oil and gas as they relate to possible demands for petrochemical feedstocks, paying particular attention to the availability and demand patterns for fossil hydrocarbons. The following chapters discuss the reserves and worldwide distribution of oil shale and tar sands; climate and its impact on renewable resources; research and management of natural resources; and production of chemicals directly from synthesis gas. Pyrolysis of solid carbonaceous materials is also considered, along with natural rubber production and biomass for non-food use. This monograph will be a useful resource for organic chemists and energy policymakers.

ForewordAvailability and Demand Patterns for Fossil HydrocarbonsOil Shale and Tar SandsCoal and the Human Need for EnergyAvailability and Demand Patterns for Renewable Resources-ForestryAgricultureAvailability and Demand Patterns for Renewable Resources: Urban and Industrial WastesFuture of the Synthetic Chemical Industry in JapanMatter: a Resource Ignored by Thermodynamics-Renewable Resource EconomicsThe Reference Materials System-a Framework for Substitution AnalysisThe Organic Materials System: toward Making Practical ChoicesClimate and Its Impact on Renewable ResourcesChanging Location of the Chemical IndustryResearch and Management of Natural ResourcesThe Structure and Chemistry of Coal: the Search for a Typical Coal MoleculeSynthesis Gas TechnologyChemicals, Feedstocks and Fuels from Fischer-Tropsch and Related SynthesesChemicals Production Directly from Synthesis GasHomogeneous CatalysisHeterogeneous Catalysis at the End of the CenturyExtraction, Preparation, Transport and Storage of Solid Carbonaceous MaterialThe Liquefaction of Solid Carbonaceous MaterialsPyrolysis of Solid Carbonaceous MaterialsProspects for Photon-Induced Syntheses of Organic Raw MaterialsChemicals from Tar ProcessingCarbons from Selected Organic FeedstocksPeat as a Source of Chemical Raw MaterialsLimits to the Productive Capacity of the BiosphereBiomass for Non-Food UseTropical Biomass SystemsA New Look at Natural Rubber ProductionOrganic Chemicals from the DesertChemical and Biological Nitrogen FixationFuture Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural and Forestry ResearchTrends in Available Feedstock CompositionFuture Feedstocks from Petroleum-Oil and Gas: New Petroleum Production TechnologiesNew Petroleum Refining TechnologyAdvances in Production of Olefins from Residual OilsTar Sands and Related Products as Chemical FeedstocksOil Shales as Sources of Chemical FeedstocksNew Aspects of the Production of Chemicals from BiomassThe Ethanol Based Economy-the Brazilian ExperimentEnzymatic Production of ChemicalsCarbohydrates as Renewable FeedstocksAnaerobic Microbial Digestion as a Route to Methane and Renewable Carbon SourcesOrganic Chemicals from the SeaFibers to Meet the World's Expanding NeedsSolar Energy Use through Biology-Past and FuturePhotosynthesis and Biosynthetic Pathways to ChemicalsA New Understanding of the Carbohydrate SystemThe Challenge of LigninThe Future of Lipids from Plant and Animal SourcesGenetic Engineering of Microorganisms for the Production of Biomedically and Industrially Important MaterialsIndex of Contributors