Fluid Flow Phenomena In Metals Processing

Fluid Flow Phenomena in Metals Processing outlines the fundamentals of fluid flow theory, emphasizing the potential applications of fluid flow concepts that are illustrated by actual problems drawn from the metallurgical literature. This book is divided into 10 chapters. Chapters 1 to 4 are devoted to the fundamentals of fluid flow, while Chapters 5 to 9 are concerned with the application of basic concepts to specific systems, such as electromagnetically driven flows, surface tension and natural convection driven flows, multiparticle systems, gas bubbles, and impinging jets. The discussion on flow measurements and introduction to physical modeling are provided in the last chapter. This publication is suitable for a one semester graduate level course for metallurgy and chemical engineering students.

PrefaceAcknowledgmentsList ofSymbolsChapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Definition of Some Basic Units and Concepts 1.3 The Newtonian Definition of Viscosity 1.4 Factors That Affect the Viscosity ReferencesChapter 2 Integral Mass, Momentum, and Energy Balances 2.1 Introduction 2.2 The Integral Mass Balance 2.3 The Integral Momentum Balance 2.4 The Integral Mechanical Energy Balance (The Engineering Bernoulli Equation) 2.5 The Friction Factor 2.6 Compressible Fluids 2.7 The Application of Overall Balances ReferencesChapter 3 The Differential Equations of Fluid Flow 3.1 The Equation of Continuity 3.2 The Equation of Motion 3.3 The Stream Function and Vorticity 3.4 Some Special Solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations 3.5 Exact Solutions of the Navier-Stokes Equations 3.6 Concluding Remarks ReferencesChapter 4 Turbulent Flow and Turbulence Phenomena 4.1 Some Physical Manifestations of Turbulent Flow Behavior 4.2 The Quantitative Characterization of Turbulent Flow 4.3 The Differential Equations of Turbulent Flow 4.4 Some Solutions of the Turbulent Equation of Motion 4.5 Concluding Remarks ReferencesChapter 5 Electromagnetodynamics of Melts 5.1 Introduction 5.2 The Principal Parameters in Electrodynamics 5.3 MHD Applications in Metals Processing 5.4 Concluding Remarks ReferencesChapter 6 Natural Convection and Surface Tension Driven Flows 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Convective Heat and Mass Transfer 6.3 Formulation of Convective Mass Transfer Problems 6.4 Surface Tension Driven Flows 6.5 Surface Tension Effects in Dynamic Systems ReferencesChapter 7 Solid Particle Fluid Systems 7.1 Single Particle Fluid Systems 7.2 Flow through Packed Beds 7.3 Fluidized Beds and Conveyed Systems 7.4 Sedimentation and Filtration ReferencesChapter 8 Gas Bubbles and Droplets in Melts 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Bubble Formation 8.3 The Motion of Gas Bubbles in Liquids 8.4 Dispersed Bubble Systems 8.5 The Formation and Behavior of Droplets ReferencesChapter 9 Gaseous and Liquid Jets 9.1 Free Jets 9.2 Confined Jets 9.3 Impinging Jet Systems 9.4 Submerged Jet Systems ReferencesChapter 10 Flow Measurements and the Physical Modeling of Metallurgical Flow Systems 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Measurement of Volumetric Flow Rates 10.3 Measurement of Fluid Velocity 10.4 The Physical Modeling of Fluid Flow Problems in Metals Processing ReferencesAppendix 1 Review of Elementary Vector and Tensor Notation A.1.1 Definition of a Vector and Vector Operations A.1.2 Differential Operations Involving Vectors A.1.3 Definition of Second-Order TensorsAppendix 2 Lennard-Jones Parameters for Selected GasesPostfaceIndex