Multimedia Communications

The rapid advances and industry demands for networked delivery of information and pictures through computer networks and cable television has created a need for new techniques and standards for the packaging and delivery of digital information. Multimedia Communications presents the latest information from industry and academic experts on all standards, methods and protocols. Internet protocols for wireless communications, transcoding of Internet multimedia for universal access, ATM and ISDN chapters, videoconferencing standards, speech and audio coding standards, multi-casting and image compression techniques are included. - Latest Internet protocols for wireless communications
- Transcoding of Internet multimedia for universal access
- ATM and ISDN chapters
- Videoconferencing standards
- Speech and audio coding standards
- Multi-casting
- Latest image compression techniques

PrefacexvList of ContributorsxviiChapter 1:ÊÊMultimedia Communications: Source Representations,Networks, and Applications1Jerry D. Gibson1.1Introduction 11.2Networks and Network Services 31.3Multimedia Sources 61.4Source and Destination Terminals 81.5Applications of Multimedia Communications Networks 91.5.1Video Streaming to Multiple Users101.5.2Videoconferencing111.6Conclusions121.7For Further Reading12Chapter 2:ÊÊFuture Telecommunication Networks: Traffic and Technologies13Leonid G. Kazovsky, Giok-Djan Khoe, and M. Oskar van Deventer2.1Key Technologies142.2Impact of Competition162.3Four Traffic Hypotheses172.3.1Hypothesis 1: Conventional Growth172.3.2Hypothesis 2: The Internet Age182.3.3Hypotheses 3 and 4: The Digital Video Age182.3.4HDTV in the United States202.3.5Traffic Attributes202.4Synergy: Future Projections212.5Summary and Conclusions222.6Bibliography22Chapter 3:ÊÊSpeech Coding Standards25Andreas S. SpaniasAbstract253.1Introduction253.2Speech Analysis-Synthesis and Linear Prediction273.2.1Long-Term Prediction (LTP)293.3Linear Prediction and Speech Coding Standards293.3.1Open-Loop Linear Prediction293.3.2Standards Based on Analysis-by-SynthesisLinear Prediction323.4Standards Based on Subband and Transform Coders393.4.1The ITU G.722 Subband Coder393.4.2Sinusoidal Transform Coding403.4.3The Multiband Excitation Coder and theInmarsat-M Standard403.5Summary and Emerging Standards413.6References42Chapter 4:ÊÊAudio Coding Standards45Chi-Min Liu and Wen-Whei Chang4.1Introduction454.2ISO/MPEG Audio Coding Standards454.2.1MPEG-1464.2.2MPEG-2484.2.3MPEG-4494.3Other Audio Coding Standards504.3.1Philips PASC504.3.2Sony ATRAC514.3.3Dolby AC-3524.4Architectural Overview534.4.1Psychoacoustic Modeling534.4.2Time-Frequency Mapping544.4.3Quantization544.4.4Variable-Length Coding564.4.5Multichannel Correlation and Irrelevancy574.4.6Long-Term Correlation574.4.7Pre-echo Control584.4.8Bit Allocation594.5Conclusions594.6Definitions of Key Terms594.7References604.8Bibliography60Chapter 5:ÊÊStill Image Compression Standards61Michael W. Hoffman and Khalid Sayood5.1Introduction615.2Lossy Compression625.2.1JPEG625.2.2JPEG2000685.3Lossless Compression715.3.1JPEG715.3.2JPEG-LS715.4Bilevel Image Compression735.4.1JBIG735.4.2JBIG2785.5Definitions of Key Terms795.6References805.7Bibliography80Chapter 6:ÊÊMultimedia Conferencing Standards81David Lindbergh6.1Introduction816.2H.320 for ISDN Videoconferencing826.2.1The H.320 Standards Suite836.2.2Multiplex846.2.3System Control Protocol846.2.4Audio Coding856.2.5Video Coding866.2.6H.231 and H.243: Multipoint876.2.7H.233 and H.234: Encryption896.2.8H.331 Broadcast896.3H.320 Network Adaptation Standards: H.321 and H.322896.3.1H.321: Adaptation of H.320 to ATM and B-ISDN906.3.2H.322: Adaptation of H.320 to IsoEthernet906.4A New Generation: H.323, H.324, and H.310906.4.1H.245 Control Protocol916.4.2Audio and Video Codecs916.4.3H.323 for Packet Switched Networks936.4.4H.324 for Lot-Bit-Rate Circuit Switched Networks966.4.5H.310 for ATM and B-ISDN Networks986.5T.120 for Data Conferencing and Conference Control986.6Summary986.7References99Chapter 7:ÊÊMPEG-1 and -2 Compression101Tom Lookabaugh7.1Introduction1017.2The MPEG Model1017.2.1Key Applications and Problems1027.2.2Strategy for Standardization1027.3MPEG Video1037.3.1The Basic Algorithm1037.3.2Temporal Prediction1067.3.3Frequency Domain Decomposition1107.3.4Quantization1117.3.5Variable-Length Coding1127.3.6Rate Control1137.3.7Constrained Parameters, Levels, and Profiles1147.4Summary116Chapter 8:ÊÊMPEG-4 and MPEG-7117Jerry D. Gibson8.1Introduction1178.2MPEG-41188.2.1MPEG-4 Systems Model1208.2.2Natural Video Coding1248.2.3Audio and Speech Coding1258.