Science, Technology and Innovation in BRICS Countries

The term BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) is gaining global attention both in scholarly and popular discourse. BRICS countries are crucial in terms of their vast areas, huge population and have massive economic potential. These countries are also categorized as developing countries and are aspiring to be considered as developed countries. There is commonality among these countries in that they have similar issues and problems, which may require common solutions. Science, Technology and Innovation in BRICS Countries examines whether more emphasis on Science Technology and Innovation (STI) capability building could be the solution to these countries' economic upgradation and poverty reduction. This book is a collection of various Science Technology and Innovation (STI) issues of BRICS economics, and will be of interest to general readers, scholars working in this field, as well as policy makers all over the globe. The contributions come from various scholars across the globe who have published their BRICS economics research in a special issue of the African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development.

Swapan Kumar Patra is Career Advancement Research fellow at Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa Mammo Muchie is Professor at Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, South Africa

1. Science, Technology and Innovation in BRICS Countries: Introduction to the Special Issue 2. The Effect of Technological Innovation on Production-Based Energy and CO2 Emission Productivity: Evidence from BRICS Countries 3. Innovation for Inclusive Development, Public Policy Support and Triple Helix: Perspectives from BRICS, 4. Design Patents: A Snapshot Study of the BRICS Economies 5. Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) and Knowledge Flow in the Context of Emerging MNEs: Cases from China, India and South Africa 6. Foreign R&D Units in India and China: An Empirical Exploration 7. Exploring the Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM): Impact on Innovation Ecosystem in India 8. Technological Appropriability And Export Performance of Brazilian Firms 9. The Contribution of Creative Industries to Sustainable Urban Development in South Africa 10. In-Vitro Diagnostics (IVDs) Innovations for Resource-Poor Settings: The Indian Experience, 11. Possibilities of Russian Hi-Tech Rare Earth Products to Meet Industrial Needs of BRICS Countries12. Developing an Entrepreneurial Mindset Within the Social Sector: A Review of the South African Context