Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications

Supercritical Fluid Technology for Energy and Environmental Applications covers the fundamental principles involved in the preparation and characterization of supercritical fluids (SCFs) used in the energy production and other environmental applications. Energy production from diversified resources - including renewable materials - using clean processes can be accomplished using technologies like SCFs. This book is focused on critical issues scientists and engineers face in applying SCFs to energy production and environmental protection, the innovative solutions they have found, and the challenges they need to overcome. The book also covers the basics of sub- and supercritical fluids, like the thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations.A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist. At this state the compound demonstrates unique properties, which can be "fine-tuned," making them suitable as organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes.This volume enables readers to select the most appropriate medium for a specific situation. It helps instructors prepare course material for graduate and postgraduate courses in the area of chemistry, chemical engineering, and environmental engineering. And it helps professional engineers learn supercritical fluid-based technologies and use them in solving the increasingly challenging environmental issues. - Relates theory, chemical characteristics, and properties of the particular supercritical fluid to its various applications - Covers the fundamentals of supercritical fluids, like thermodynamics of phase and chemical equilibria, mathematical modeling, and process calculations - Includes the most recent applications of supercritical fluids, including energy generation, materials synthesis, and environmental protection

1. Synthesis of biodiesel fuel in supercritical lower alcohols with and without heterogeneous catalysts (thermodynamics, phase and chemical equilibriums, experimental studies, pilot plants for biodiesel fuel synthesis)Prof. V.Anikeev2. Environmentally benign route for nano-materials hydrothermal synthesis by using SCWProf. Tadafumi Adschiri3. Environmentally benign organic synthesis (absolutely new material on transformations of terpene compounds in supercritical solvents with and without heterogeneous catalysts)Prof. K.Volcho4. Supercritical water for renewable energy (biomass gasification, thermal energy storage using SCFs, organic wastes oxidation, hydrogen production, etc.)Prof. Tadafumi Adschiri, Prof. Richard Wirz, Dr. C. Aymonier, Prof. Ki-Pung Yoo4.1 Supercritical water oxidation for wastewater destruction with energy recoveryProf. Juan Ramón Portela Miguélez4.2 Environmentally benign route for nano materials synthesis by using SCFsProf. Juan Ramón Portela Miguélez, Prof. Z. Knez4.3 Biomass liquefaction towards bio-fuel and platform molecules (bio-refinery concept). Materials recyclingDr. C. Aymonier5. Applications of aerogels and their composites in energy related technologiesProf. Can Erkey