Chemical Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics can never be made easy, but with the right approach and a consistent use of scientific terms it can be made less opaque, and it can give a person, who is prepared to try, an insight into how science explains why things happen the way they do. The approach adopted in this book will give readers a better understanding of how science works together with its limitations. Unfortunately, thermodynamics, or at least some parts of it, is a subject which (apart from quantum mechanics) probably causes most confusion and bewilderment amongst scientists. The majority of students do not understand or "get" thermodynamics, and it is considered a "hard" or difficult subject. There are multiple reasons for this. There is of course mathematics, and many thermodynamic texts appear to be lists upon lists of differential equations. Another reason is that thermodynamics is, as often as not, poorly taught by teachers/lecturers who themselves do not understand, or appreciate, or have any interest in the subject (often all three). This results not only in a lack of scientific rigorousness in the teaching of the subject with the resulting confusion, and sometimes teachers, lecturers and authors just get it plain wrong (this occurs surprisingly often). However, it need not be like this and although mathematics (including calculus) is required, it can be kept to a relatively elementary level in order to obtain an understanding of this most important of subjects. No one can pretend that the subject is easy, but it can be made more accessible by a rigorous definition of terms and concepts and ensuring that a consistency of use of these definitions is maintained. Highlighting the benefits of thermodynamics in practical science, the text gives an intuitive grasp of the major concepts of thermodynamics such as energy and entropy. - Provides a new pedagogic approach to understanding and teaching chemical thermodynamics. - Starting with a set of basic simple assumptions about what constitutes topics such as an ideal gas, theories are developed in a clear, concise and accessible manner that will either answer or at the very least give an insight into a surprising range of scientific phenomena including energy, heat, temperature, properties of gases, time and quantum theory. - Assumes that the reader has essentially no knowledge of the subject. - Mathematics (including calculus) is kept to a relatively elementary level in order to obtain an understanding of this most important of subjects. - Provides the reader with a better understanding of how science works together with its limitations.

Victor CM Freestone was a multi-award winning first class chemistry student who during his thirty year professional career based the Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) played a key role on the research, development and maintenance of the UK's nuclear deterrent. He also applied his unique expertise to provide specialist support to a wide range of organisations/ government bodies on the nuclear and radiological threats faced by the UK and its allies.

Prologue 1. Classical Mechanics 2. Energy 3. The Ideal Gas - The Simplest Form of Matter 4. Thermodynamics and its First Law 5. Carnot's Thought Experiment 6. Heat and Caloric 7. Entropy, The Second Law of Thermodynamics and Directionality 8. Statistical Thermodynamics 9. Enthalpy and Free Energy Appendix I. Summary Appendix II. An Overview of Classical Thermodynamics Appendix III. Taking Entropy A Bit Further