Biochemical Actions of Hormones V11

Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume XI is a 12-chapter text that covers the general and specific biochemical aspects of polypeptide and steroid hormones. The introductory chapters deal with the biochemical actions of the leukotrienes, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate, and the gonadotropin releasing hormone. The next chapters highlight detailed contributions on polypeptide hormone research. These chapters specifically tackle the insulin actions and the role of insulin in mammary gland development. The last series of chapters on steroid hormones includes X-ray crystallographic analysis of steroid structures and the significance of these studies on steroid-receptor interactions. These chapters also explore the analysis of the estrogen receptor with monoclonal antibodies; the role of estrogen receptor in responsive mammalian cells; the use of peroxidase as a marker of catechol estrogen action; and the activation and stabilization of the glucocorticoid receptor. This volume will be of great benefit to biochemists, biologists, endocrinologists, and researchers who are interested in the hormonal action and regulation.

ContributorsPreface1. The Leukotrienes I. Structures and Biosynthesis II. Biological Actions References2. Molecular Approaches to the Study of Cyclic AMP Action I. Introduction II. Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases III. Genetic Approaches to Studying the cAMP Reponse Pathway IV. Mutations Affecting cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase V. Regulation of Kinase Subunit Metabolism VI. Mapping Mutations in R Subunit: An Approach to Structure-Function Relationships VII. Analysis of cAMP Action in Intact Cells VIII. Prospects References3. Molecular Mechanism of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Action I. Introduction II. Distribution, Characterization, and Molecular Biology of the GnRH Receptor III. Calcium as a Second Messenger for GnRH IV. Pituitary Actions of GnRH Other Than Stimulation of Gonadotropin Release V. Extrapituitary Sites of Action of GnRH and Cross-Reactive Substances VI. Conclusions References4. Mechanisms of Biological Signaling by the Insulin Receptor I. Enzyme Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation as the Common Terminal Mechanism in Metabolic Regulation by Insulin II. The Insulin Receptor III. Biological Signaling by the Receptor IV. Summary and Conclusions References5. Antibodies to the Insulin Receptor: Studies of Receptor Structure and Function I. Introduction II. Antibodies to the Insulin Receptor III. Insulin Receptor Structure IV. Biosynthesis of the Insulin Receptor V. Insulin Receptor Turnover and the Mechanism of Down-Regulation VI. Insulin Receptor Phosphorylation VII. Insulin-Like Activity of Antireceptor Antibodies VIII. Conclusions References6. Insulin Biology from the Perspective of Studies on Mammary Gland Development I. Introduction II. Insulin Resistance III. Insulin as a Developmental Hormone IV. Conclusions References7. Steroid Hormone Action Interpreted from X-Ray Crystallographic Studies I. Introduction II. Progestin Binding III. Estrogen Binding IV. Agonists and Antagonists V. D-Ring Control of Activity VI. Summary References8. Application of Immunochemical Techniques to the Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Structure and Function I. Introduction II. Purification of Calf and Human Estrogen Receptors III. Preparation and Characterization of Polyclonal Antibodies IV. Preparation and Characterization of Monoclonal Antibodies V. Application of Immunochemical Techniques to the Analysis of Receptor Structure and Function VI. Summary References9. Role of the Estrogen Receptor in Estrogen-Responsive Mammalian Cells I. Introduction II. The Specificity of Estrogen Action in Mammals Is Determined by the Estrogen Receptor III. Use of Nonsteroidal Antiestrogens to Study the Mechanism of Estrogen Action IV. Biological Significance of the Interaction of the Estrogen Receptor with DNA V. Concluding Remarks References10. Catechol Estrogens I. Introduction II. Pathophysiology of Catechol Estrogen Metabolism III. Pharmacologic Effects of Catechol Estrogen Administration IV. Mechanism of Action of the Catechol Estrogens V. Conclusions References11. Peroxidase: A Marker for Estrogen Expression I. Introduction II. The Atrophic Uterus III. The Mature Uterus IV. Other Tissues and Tumors V. Uterine Eosinophilia VI. Peroxidase Purification VII. Summary References12. Inactivation, Activation, and Stabilization of Glucocorticoid Receptors I. Alteration of Specific Rinding Capacity in Intact Cells II. Receptor Phosphorylation by Intact Cells III. Receptor Inactivation in Cytosol Preparations IV. Receptor Stabilization by Molybdate V. Role of Endogenous, Heat-Stable Factors in Receptor Activation and Stabilization VI.