Cytokine-Induced Pathology

International Review of Experimental Pathology, Volume 34: Cytokine-Induced Pathology Part B: Inflammatory Cytokines, Receptors, and Disease presents experimental findings obtained from the most recently studied cytokines and growth factors. The book is organized into three sections. Section I contains studies on pathology induced by inflammatory cytokines. Topics covered include the biological effects of interferon--, tumor necrosis factor- a (TNF), interleukin-8, transforming growth factor-ß, and leukemia inhibitory factor on experimental animals; TNF-induced pathophysiologic alterations; and the biological activity of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF). The papers in Section II examine cytokine receptors, including their structure and signal transduction; interferon-- (IFN--) activity; and immunoregulatory role of TNF-a. Section III is devoted to cytokine receptors, including studies on TNF properties relevant to tissue injury and its role in T cell-mediated immunopathological reactions in vivo; the role of cytokines in experimental pulmonary fibrosis induced in mice; and the role of cytokines in bacterial meningitis.

ContributorsPrefaceSection I Pathology Induced by Inflammatory Cytokines Introduction Pathophysiologic Alterations Induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor I. Introduction II. TNF-Induced Peripheral Blood Alterations III. Organ Injury Induced by TNF IV. Additional Toxicity of TNF V. Comparison of Endogenous and Exogenous TNF VI. Inhibition of Toxicity with Anti-TNF Antibody VII. Summary References In Vitro and In Vivo Activity and Pathophysiology of Human Interleukin-8 and Related Peptides I. Introduction II. Induction and Formation III. Biological Activities In Vitro IV. Biological Activities In Vivo V. Discussion VI. Summary References Pathology of Recombinant Human Transforming Growth Factor-ß1 in Rats and Rabbits I. Introduction II. Experimental Results III. Discussion IV. Summary References Pathology Induced by Leukemia Inhibitory Factor I. Introduction II. Pathology Induced by LIF III. Discussion IV. Summary References Comparative Pathology of Recombinant Murine lnterferon-- in Mice and Recombinant Human Interferon-- in Cynomolgus Monkeys I. Introduction II. Experimental Findings III. Discussion IV. Summary ReferencesSection II Cytokine Receptors Introduction to Cytokine Receptors: Structure and Signal Transduction Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Biodistribution of Soluble Cytokine Receptors I. Introduction II. Methods of Pharmacokinetic and Biodistribution Analysis III. Soluble IL-1 Receptor IV. Soluble IL-4 Receptor V. Soluble TNF Receptors VI. Comparison of sTNF-R Fusion Protein to sIL-4R Fusion Protein VII. Summary References Immunomodulation with Soluble IFN-- Receptor: Preliminary Study I. Introduction II. IFN-- Receptor III. Soluble IFN-- R IV. Immunogenicity and Pharmacokinetic Studies of Mouse Soluble IFN-yR V. Modulation of Graft-versus-Host Disease by Soluble MoIFN-yR VI. Discussion VII. Summary References TNF Receptor Distribution in Human Tissues I. Introduction II. Distribution of TNF-R in Lymphoid Tissues III. TNF-R Distribution in Other Tissues IV. TNF-a Expression in Tissues V. Discussion VI. Summary ReferencesSection III Role of Cytokines in Disease Tumor Necrosis Factor/Cachectin as an Effector of T Cell-Dependent Immunopathology I. Introduction II. TNF Properties Relevant for Immunopathology III. Possible Role of TNF in the Immune Response IV. Immunopathological Reactions Involving T Lymphocytes and TNF V. Induction and Cellular Origin of TNF VI. Conclusions References Cytokines Involved in Pulmonary Fibrosis I. Introduction II. Fibrogenic Cytokines Produced during Pulmonary Fibrosis III. Outlook References Immune-Mediated Injury in Bacterial Meningitis I. Introduction II. TNF-a A Key Mediator in Bacterial Meningitis III. TGF-ß: Effect in Pneumococcal Meningitis IV. Neuronal Cell Death in Bacterial Meningitis V. Summary References Clinical Experiences with Interferon-a and Interferon-- I. The Interferon Family II. Pharmacology and Mode of Action of Interferons III. Clinical Efficacy of Interferons IV. Clinical Toxicity of Interferon-a V. Clinical Toxicity of Interferon-- VI. Conclusion References Clinical Experience with Escherichia coli rHuGM-CSF I. Introduction II.