Methods of Animal Experimentation

Methods of Animal Experimentation, Volume VI is a compendium of papers that defines which animals will prove most useful in biological experiments using the best methods in an environment of complex technologies and therapies. One paper reviews the genetic methods in animal experimentation including tests of Mendelian ratios, chromosomes crossing-over, chromosome anomalies, and gene transfer that produces congenic strains. Another paper explains the concepts and methodologies used in animals in ophthalmic research, particularly in ocular pharmacology, aqueous humor dynamics, glaucoma, and animal models of non-infectious uveitis. One paper analyzes the neural mechanisms of pain in an intact nervous system following ethical and moral principles of human treatment. For example, the use of different stimuli to elicit pain is applied only in situations where the stimuli is more appropriate, whether in behavioral or physiological experiments. The paper provides a list of requirements for the ideal pain stimulus. Another paper describes the methods in using standard animal models when an unknown agent is to be given as a general or local anesthesia. This book can prove beneficial to researchers, scientists, and laboratory technicians dealing with animals in relation to pharmacological, biological, chemical, and physiological research.

List of ContributorsPrefaceContents of Previous VolumesChapter 1 Genetic Methods in Animal Experimentation I. Genetic Methods II. Discovering Autosomal Traits III. Chromosomes: Behavior of One Pair in Meiosis IV. Discovering Sex-Linked Traits V. Tests of Mendelian Ratios VI. Complexities of Single-Locus Genetics VII. Assortment of Two Traits VIII. Chromosomes: Behavior of Two Pairs in Meiosis IX. Linkage of Two Traits X. Chromosomes: Crossing-Over XI. Recombination and Mapping XII. Tests for Allelism XIII. Concept of the Gene XIV. Mutations and Chromosome Anomalies XV. Complex Traits XVI. Random Breeding XVII. Phenotypic Selection XVIII. Inbreeding to Produce Inbred Strains and F1 Hybrids XIX. Recombinant Inbred Strains XX. Inbreeding to Produce Segregating Inbred Strains XXI. Gene Transfer to Produce Congenic Strains XXII. Nomenclature for Genes, Chromosome Anomalies, and Strains Bibliography ReferencesChapter 2 Animals in Ophthalmic Research: Concepts and Methodologies I. Introduction II. Spontaneous Infectious Diseases III. Experimental Infectious Diseases IV. Ocular Pharmacology V. In Vitro Culture of Ocular Tissues VI. Animals in the Definition of Immunological Processes of the Eye VII. The Cornea VIII. The Sclera IX. Aqueous Humor Dynamics X. Glaucoma XI. Animal Models of Noninfectious Uveitis XII. The Lens and Experimental Cataract XIII. The Retina XIV. Optic Nerve XV. Ocular Circulation XVI. Experimental Ocular Oncology ReferencesChapter 3 Laboratory Animals in Pain Research I. Introduction II. Definition of Pain and Analgesia III. Stimuli Used to Elicit Pain IV. Behavioral Assessment of Pain and Analgesia V. Anatomical Studies of Pain Pathways VI. Neurophysiology of Pain Pathways VII. Modulation of Pain ReferencesChapter 4 Animal Models and Methods in Anesthesia Research I. Introduction II. General Anesthetics III. Local Anesthetics IV. Conclusions ReferencesIndex