Biochemistry of Human Cancer

Biochemistry of Human Cancer focuses on advances in the application of biochemistry to the study of human cancers, such as neoplastic immunoglobulinopathies, cancer of the bladder, tumors of the neural crest, leukemias and lymphomas, and neoplasms of the bone. It also examines certain features of human cancer ranging from general metabolic characteristics to enzymic aspects and immunochemical considerations. Organized into 18 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the general metabolic features of cancer, with emphasis on the metabolism of lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. It then discusses the important biochemical aspects of pulmonary and prostatic neoplasms, including the serum acid and alkaline phosphatase activities of prostatic carcinoma. The remaining chapters look at the role of enzymes and immunoglobulins in cancer, the tryptophan metabolism in cancer of the bladder and the carcinoid syndrome, the link between amino acid metabolism and tumors of the neural crest, and the neoplasms of the digestive tract and the accessory organs (pancreas and liver). The book explains the metabolism of purines and pyrimidines in cancer, hypercalcemia in neoplastic disease without evidence of bone metastases, and neoplasms of other organs, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid, testis, and adrenal cortex. Brief case reports from the literature are included to illustrate correlations between biochemical and clinical findings. Scientists, biochemists, and clinical investigators concerned with the biochemistry of human cancer will find this book highly informative.

Preface1 General Metabolic Characteristics in Cancer I. Introduction II. Protein Metabolism III. Carbohydrate Metabolism IV. Lipid Metabolism V. Cachexia References2 General Aspects of Enzymes in Cancer: The Glycolytic Sequence I. Introduction II. The Glycolytic Sequence References3 Enzymes in Cancer: The Phosphohydrolases I. Introduction II. Acid Phosphatase III. Alkaline Phosphatase IV. 5'-Nucleotidase References4 Miscellaneous Enzymes in Human Cancer I. Introduction II. Amylase III. Leucine Aminopeptidase IV. Serum Arylamidase V. Aspartate and Alanine Aminotransferases VI. Additional Serum Enzymes VII. Summary References5 The Neoplastic Immunoglobulinopathies I. Introduction II. Human Immunoglobulins III. Immunoglobulins in Cancer IV. Multiple Myeloma (Myelomatosis) V. Other Immunoglobulinopathies VI. Biochemical Consequences of Abnormal Proteinemia VII. Immunological Deficits in Malignancy References6 Tryptophan Metabolism: Cancer of the Bladder; the Carcinoid Syndrome I. Introduction II. Cancer of the Bladder III. Carcinoid Tumors and the Carcinoid Syndrome References7 Amino Acid Metabolism and Tumors of the Neural Crest I. Introduction II. The Normal Tyrosine-Epinephrine, -Norepinephrine Metabolic Pathway III. Methionine Metabolism IV. Biochemistry of Pheochromocytoma and Pheochromoblastoma V. Biochemistry of Sympathocytoma (Ganglioneuroma) and Sympathoblastoma (Neuroblastoma) References8 Gastrointestinal Tract, Liver, and Pancreas I. Introduction II. Neoplasms of the Stomach III. Neoplasms of the Small Intestine IV. Neoplasms of the Colon and Rectum V. Neoplasms of the Liver VI. Neoplasms of the Pancreas VII. Extrapancreatic Tumors Producing Hypoglycemia References9 The Leukemias and Lymphomas I. Introduction II. Total and Isoenzyme Activity of Leukocytic Acid Phosphatase III. Leukocytic Alkaline Phosphatase IV. Lysozyme V. Metabolism of Purines and Pyrimidines in Cancer References10 Neoplasms of the Bone I. Introduction II. Chemical Composition and Structure of Bone III. Calcium, Magnesium, and Phosphorus Metabolism in the Normal Individual IV. Parathyroid Adenomas and Carcinoma V. Primary Neoplasms of the Bone VI. Skeletal Metastases VII. Hypercalcemia in Neoplastic Disease without Evidence of Bone Metastases (Ectopic Hyperparathyroidism, Pseudohyperparathyroidism) References11 Neoplasms of the Pituitary Gland I. Introduction II. Classification of Pituitary Tumors III. Acidophilic Tumors: Acromegaly and Gigantism IV. Cushing's Syndrome V. Chromophobe Adenoma VI. Craniopharyngiomas VII. Pituitary Tumors and Hypopituitarism References12 Neoplasms of the Adrenal Cortex I. Introduction II. Steroids of the Adrenal Cortex III. Cushing's Syndrome IV. The Neoplastic Adrenogenital Syndrome V. Tumors of Aldosterone Excess VI. Nonfunctioning Adrenocortical Neoplasms References13 Neoplasms of the Thyroid I. Introduction II. Biochemistry and Physiology of the Thyroid Hormones III. Biochemistry of Thyroid Neoplasms References14 Neoplasms of the Testis I. Introduction II. Biochemistry of the Normal Testis III. Biochemistry of Testicular Tumors References15 Neoplasms of the Ovary I. Introduction II. Biochemistry of the Normal Ovary III. Biochemistry of Ovarian Neoplasms References16 Neoplasms and Ectopic Humoral Syndromes I. Introduction II. Syndrome Resulting from Ectopic ACTH III. Ectopic Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Syndrome IV. Ectopic Gonadotropic Syndrome V. Ectopic Antidiuretic Hormone Syndrome VI. Ectopic Thyrotropin Syndrome VII.