Personal Autonomy in Plural Societies

This volume addresses the exercise of personal autonomy in contemporary situations of normative pluralism. In the Western liberal tradition, from a strictly legal and theoretical perspective the social individual has the right to exercise the autonomy of his or her will. In a context of legal plurality, however, personal autonomy becomes more complicated. Can and should personal autonomy be recognized as a legal foundation for protecting a person's freedom to renounce what others view as his or her fundamental 'human rights'? This collection develops an interdisciplinary conceptual framework to address these questions and presents empirical studies examining the gap between the principle of personal autonomy and its implementation. In a context of cultural diversity, this gap manifests itself in two particular ways. First, not every culture gives the same pre-eminence to personal autonomy when examining the legal effects of an individual's acts. Second, in a society characterized by 'weak pluralism', the legal assessment of personal autonomy often favours the views of the dominant majority. In highlighting these diverse perspectives and problematizing the so-called 'guardian function' of human rights, i.e., purporting to protect weaker parties by limiting their personal autonomy in the name of gender equality, fair trial, etc., this book offers a nuanced approach to the principle of autonomy and addresses the questions of whether it can effectively be deployed in situations of internormativity and what conditions must be met in order to ensure that it is not rendered devoid of all meaning. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Marie-Claire Foblets is Director of the Department of Law and Anthropology at the Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology in Halle, Germany and Professor of Law at the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium. Michele Graziadei is Professor of Comparative Law at the University of Turin, Italy and President of the Italian Society for Research on Comparative Law (SIRD). Alison Dundes Renteln is Professor of Political Science, Anthropology, Law, and Public Policy at the University of Southern California, where she teaches International Law and Human Rights.

Introduction: Individual Autonomy in Contemporary Plural Societies: How to Reconcile Competing Normative Standards? - Marie-Claire Foblets, Michele Graziadei and Alison Dundes Renteln Part I: Autonomy in the Face of Cultural Diversity: Disciplinary Perspectives 1. The Fault in our Stars: Personal Autonomy, Philosophy, and the Law - Michele Graziadei 2. Confronting Autonomy in Liberal Practice - Geoffrey Brahm Levey 3. Autonomy and Deeply Embedded Cultural Identities - John Christman 4. Three Approaches to the Protection of Religious Freedom: Choice, Interest, Identity - Avigail Eisenberg 5. Appeals to Choice and Sexual Equality: Debates over Religious Attire - Monique Deveaux 6. Why the Individual must be Defended ~ Seemingly against all Anthropological Odds - Olaf Zenker Part II: Autonomy in Context: Empirical Illustrations A: The Majoritarian Assessment of Personal Autonomy 7. Cultural Diversity in the Workplace: Personal Autonomy as a Pillar for the Accommodation of Employees' Religious Practices? - Katayoun Alidadi 8. Adopting a Face-Veil, Concluding an Islamic Marriage: Autonomy, Agency, and Liberal-Secular Rule - Annelies Moors 9. Unregistered Muslim Marriages in the UK: Examining Normative Influences Shaping Choice of Legal Protection - Rajnaara Akhtar 10. Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? Personal Autonomy, Forced Marriage, and the Inherent Jurisdiction in English Law - Alberto Neidhardt 11. Balancing Migration Policy and Personal Autonomy in Private International Law: A Shattered Illusion? - Jinske Verhellen 12. The Anti-Religious Bias in Personal Autonomy: Towards Coherence and a Solution - Toon Agten 13. Shaping Notions of Personal Autonomy in Plural Societies: Addressing Female Genital Cutting in France and the European Regulatory Framework's Approach to this Custom - Lucia Bellucci 14. The Human Rights Dimensions of Virginity Restoration Surgery - Alison Dundes Renteln B. Individual Agency in situ 15. 'It is Better for Me to Agree When My Guardian is Here': Consent and Relational Personhood in Postcolonial Malawi - Jessica Johnson 16. The Multiple Search for Autonomy among Moluccans in the Netherlands: A Relational Approach - Keebet von Benda-Beckmann 17. An All but Trivial Abortion: Scrutinizing Sex Selection Legislation in India through the Lens of Women's Autonomy - Kalindi Kokal 18. Rethinking Social Norms: Contraceptive Use and Women's Right to Choose in Senegal - Chiara Quagliariello 19. Autonomous Aspirations? Re-reading the CEDAW Drafting Process and Examining Muslim Women's Contributions - Shaheen Sardar Ali and Arjumand Bano Kazmi 20. 'That's not our Culture': Paradoxes of Personal Property in Indigenous Self-Governance - Ian Kalman