Sasanian Persia

Persia's growing military and economic power in the late antique world The Sasanian Empire (third to seventh centuries) was one of the largest empires of antiquity, stretching from Mesopotamia to modern Pakistan and from Central Asia to the Arabian Peninsula. This mega-empire withstood powerful opponents in the steppe and expanded further in late antiquity, whilst the Roman world shrank in size. Recent research has revealed the reasons for this success, notably population growth in some territories, economic prosperity and urban development, which were made possible through investment in agriculture and military infrastructure on a scale unparalleled in the late antique world. This volume explores the empire's relations with its neighbours and key phenomena which contributed to its wealth and power, from the empire's armed forces to agriculture, trade and treatment of minorities. The latest discoveries, notably major urban foundations, fortifications and irrigations systems, feature prominently. An empire whose military might and urban culture rivalled Rome and foreshadowed the caliphate will be of interest to scholars of the Roman and Islamic world. Eberhard Sauer is Professor of Roman Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh Cover images: for full details see page vii. Cover design: [EUP logo] edinburghuniversitypress.com ISBN 978-1-4744-0101-2 Barcode

Eberhard Sauer is Professor of Roman Archaeology at the University of Edinburgh, having previously taught at the Universities of Leicester and Oxford. He has directed excavations in Britain as well as, jointly with colleagues in Iran and Georgia, fieldwork on the Great Wall of Gorgan and the Sasanian fort in Dariali Gorge in the Caucasus. He is the author of several books.

Preliminaries: List of Illustrations, Acknowledgements, Notes on the Contributors, Series Editor's Foreword 1. Introduction Eberhard W. Sauer 2. Sasanian cities: archaeological perspectives on the urban economy and built environment of an empire St John Simpson 3. Palaeoecological insights into agri-horti-cultural and pastoral practices before, during and after the Sasanian Empire Lyudmila Shumilovskikh, Morteza Djamali, Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, Philippe Ponel, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu, Abdolmajid Naderi-Beni and Eberhard W. Saue 4. Animal exploitation and subsistence on the borders of the Sasanian Empire: from the Gorgan Wall (Iran) to the Gates of the Alans (Georgia) Marjan Mashkour, Roya Khazaeli, Homa Fathi, Sarieh Amiri, Delphine Decruyenaere, Azadeh Mohaseb, Hossein Davoudi, Shiva Sheikhi and Eberhard W. Sauer 5. The Northern and Western Borderlands of the Sasanian Empire: Contextualizing the Roman/Byzantine and Sasanian Frontier Dan Lawrence and Tony J. Wilkinson 6. Connectivity on a Sasanian frontier: Route systems in the Gorgan Plain of north-east Iran Kristen Hopper 7. The Sasanian Empire and the East: A summary of the evidence and its implications for Rome Warwick Ball 8. Minority Religions in the Sasanian Empire: Suppression, Integration, and Relations with Rome Lee E. Patterson 9. A Contested Jurisdiction: Armenia in Late Antiquity Tim Greenwood 10. Cultural contacts between Rome and Persia at the time of Ardashir I (AD 224-240) Pierfrancesco Callieri 11. Innovation and Stagnation: Military Infrastructure and the Shifting Balance of Power between Rome and Persia Eberhard W. Sauer, Jebrael Nokandeh, Konstantin Pitskhelauri and Hamid Omrani Rekavandi 12. The Arabian Frontier: A Keystone of the Sasanian Empire Craig Morley 13. The India Trade in Late Antiquity James Howard-Johnston