Singing the News of Death

Across Europe, from the dawn of print until the early twentieth century, the news of crime and criminals' public executions was printed in song form on cheap broadsides and pamphlets to be sold in streets and marketplaces by ballad-singers. Singing the News of Death: Execution Ballads in Europe 1500-1900 looks at how and why song was employed across Europe for centuries as a vehicle for broadcasting news about crime and executions, exploring how this performative medium could frame and mediate the message of punishment and repentance. Examining ballads in English, French, Dutch, German, and Italian across four centuries, author Una McIlvenna offers the first multilingual and longue durée study of the complex and fascinating phenomenon of popular songs about brutal public death. Ballads were frequently written in the first-person voice, and often purported to be the last words, confession or 'dying speech' of the condemned criminal, yet were ironically on sale the day of the execution itself. Musical notation was generally not required as ballads were set to well-known tunes. Execution ballads were therefore a medium accessible to all, regardless of literacy, social class, age, gender or location. A genre that retained extraordinary continuities in form and content across time, space, and language, the execution ballad grew in popularity in the nineteenth century, and only began to fade as executions themselves were removed from the public eye. With an accompanying database of recordings, Singing the News of Death brings these centuries-old songs of death back to life.

Una McIlvenna is Honorary Senior Lecturer at the Australian National University. A literary and cultural historian of early modern Europe, she is also the author of Scandal and Reputation at the Court of Catherine de Medici (2016). She has held positions at the Universities of Melbourne, Sydney, Kent and Queen Mary University of London.

Acknowledgements Abbreviations List of Illustrations List of Music Examples Introduction Part I: Selling the news of death Chapter One: The significance of contrafactum or, how melody made meaning Chapter Two: The centrality of shame in the punishment ritual Chapter Three: Fake news? How execution ballads walked the line between truth and fiction Part II: Crimes that Feature in Execution Ballads Chapter Four: The Devil's business: religion, witchcraft, sorcery, possession Chapter Five: How ballads portrayed murder and violence Chapter Six: Political executions in song Chapter Seven: Outlaw ballads: fantasy vs reality Chapter Eight: The end of execution ballads? Coda: Songs about the executioner Conclusion Bibliography Index