Medical Use of Human Beings

Whilst activities like transplantation and medical research have typically been considered on a discrete basis, they are also actually part of a broader phenomenon of medical means being employed to make use of human beings. This book is the first ever systematic critique of such medical use of the human being as a whole. It is divided into two parts. The first part considers what constitutes an appropriate normative lens through which to view such medical use and its constraint. It makes a reasoned ethical and human-rights-based case for preferring respect for human worth over any of the main alternative approaches that have been drawn on in specific contexts and outlines what this preference practically implies. The second part uses this respect-based lens to critique use discourse, law and practice. Drawing on three contrasting case study areas of warfare-related medical use, transplantation and human tissue research, this book exposes both the context-specific and thematic nature of shortfalls in respect. Overall this book provides a compelling analysis of how medical use ought to be constrained and a compelling critique of the excesses of discourse, practice and governance. It is recommended to academics, students, policymakers and professionals whose work is focused on or intersects with the medical sector and anyone else with an interest in medicine and its limits.

Dr Austen Garwood-Gowers is a reader in health law and ethics at Nottingham Trent University. He is author of over 60 publications in this field, having been a dedicated teacher and scholar since the early 1990s. His more recent work has brought a new understanding of fields like transplantation and medical research, showing that they are not just interconnected but also elements of a broader phenomenon of medical means being employed to make use of human beings. He breaks more new ground in this book by subjecting this broader phenomenon of medical use of human beings to its first ever systematic critique.

Part 1: The case for respect in the context of medical use of the human being 1. The ethical case for respect as the basis for constraint. 2. Alternative ethical benchmarks 3. Human rights based constraints Part 2: Shortfalls in constraint - three areas viewed through the lens of respect 4. Abusive warfare related medical use of human beings. 5. Solid Organ Transplantation 6. Human Tissue Research

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