Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Treatment of Tumor Metastasis

Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Treatment of Tumor Metastasis provides information pertinent to the basic mechanism of tumor metastasis and the clinical results with immunochemotherapy of cancer. This book explores the extensive studies of clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy by Japanese investigators who played a significant role in the clinical assessment of different immunomodulating drugs. Organized into five parts encompassing 36 chapters, this book begins with an overview of both the in vivo and in vitro behavior of metastatic tumor cells. This text then examines the pathogenesis of cancer metastasis and its possible modulation by immune cells per se of by those treated with immunopotentiators in experimental animals. Other chapters consider the effects of different soluble immune mediators on tumor cell growth and metastasis. This book discusses as well the immunobiology and immunopathology of human tumor cell metastasis. The final chapter deals with successful and unsuccessful trials with cancer immunotherapy using various biological and chemical compounds. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, oncologists, and clinical researchers.

Contributors and ParticipantsPrefaceAcknowledgmentsPart I Cellular Behavior of Metastatic Tumors 1. Role of Cellular Heterogeneity in Tumor Behavior I. Tumor Cell Heterogeneity of Mammary Tumors II. Host Cell Heterogeneity of Mammary Tumors References Discussion 2. The Quantitation of Some Aspects of Invasion in Vivo and in Vitro I. Introduction II. Invasion-Assessment of the Contribution of Active Movement in Vivo III. Invasion and Metastasis IV. Invasion and Host Tissue "Barriers" References Discussion 3. Spontaneous Regression of Xenogenized Tumor Metastasis in Rats I. Introduction II. Xenogenization of Tumor Cells III. Regression of Metastasis of Xenogenized Tumors IV. Specific Immunotherapy to Tumor Metastasis by Xenogenized Tumor Cells References Discussion 4. Experimental Studies of Operative Stress on Tumor Growth in Rats I. Introduction II. Materials and Methods III. Results IV. Discussion V. Summary References DiscussionPart IIA Regulations of Metastatic Tumor Cells 5. Tumor Cell Heterogeneity and the Pathogenesis of Cancer Metastasis I. Introduction II. The Cellular Diversity of Malignant Tumors III. Evolution of Tumor Cell Heterogeneity in Malignant Tumors and Regulation of Metastatic Tumor Cell Subpopulations IV. Conclusions References Discussion 6. Molecular Mechanism of Adhesiveness and Dissociation of Cancer Cells I. Introduction II. Adhesiveness of Cancer Cells III. Dissociation of Cancer Cells IV. Concluding Remarks References Discussion 7. Systemic and Local Regulation of Human Natural Killer Cytotoxicity I. Introduction II. Systemic Regulation of NK III. Local and Regional Regulation of NK IV. Conclusions References Discussion 8. Significance of Local T Cell Response to Human Cancer I. Introduction II. Patients and Methods Used in This Study III. Distribution of the Antigens Defined with Monoclonal Antibodies in the Hematopoietic Cell Lines and Normal Lymphoid Tissues IV. T and B Cells in Cancer Tissues V. Functional Role of Infiltrating T Cells VI. Carcinogenic Process and T Cell Response VII. Clinical Significance of T Cell Infiltration in Cancer Tissue VIII. Conclusions References Discussion 9. Natural and Induced Resistance to Metastasis from Mouse Mammary Carcinomas I. Introduction II. Resistance to Metastasis at the Primary Tumor III. Resistance to Tumor Cell Dissemination IV. Resistance to Secondary Tumor Growth V. Concluding Remarks References DiscussionPart IIB 10. The Cell Surface Markers of Tumoricidal Macrophages I. Introduction II. A New Biochemical Marker of Tumoricidal Macrophages in Mice III. New Serological Markers for Tumoricidal Macrophages IV. Concluding Remarks References Discussion 11. Human Amnion as a New Quantitative Model for Tumor Invasion in Vitro I. Introduction II. Amnion Invasion Assay III. Migration of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes (PMN) through the Amnion IV. Migration of Tumor Cells through the Amnion V. The Effect of a Chemoattractant (FMLP) and Natural Protease Inhibitors on Timor Cell Invasion of the Amnion VI. The Effect of Inhibitors to Protein and DNA Synthesis on Tumor Cell Invasion of the Amnion VII. Conclusions References Discussion 12. Effect of Regional Administration of Nonspecific Immunostimulators on the Lymph Node Metastasis I. Introduction II.