Human Rights in Global Health

Institutions matter for the advancement of human rights in global health. Given the dramatic development of human rights under international law and the parallel proliferation of global institutions for public health, there arises an imperative to understand the implementation of human rights through global health governance. This volume examines the evolving relationship between human rights, global governance, and public health, studying an expansive set of health challenges through a multi-sectoral array of global organizations. To analyze the structural determinants of rights-based governance, the organizations in this volume include those international bureaucracies that implement human rights in ways that influence public health in a globalizing world. This volume brings together leading health and human rights scholars and practitioners from academia, non-governmental organizations, and the United Nations system. They explore the foundations of human rights as a normative framework for global health governance, the mandate of the World Health Organization to pursue a human rights-based approach to health, the role of inter-governmental organizations across a range of health-related human rights, the influence of rights-based economic governance on public health, and the focus on global health among institutions of human rights governance. Contributing chapters each map the distinct human rights efforts within a specific institution of global governance for health. Through the comparative institutional analysis in this volume, the contributing authors examine institutional dynamics to operationalize human rights in organizational policies, programs, and practices and assess institutional factors that facilitate or inhibit human rights mainstreaming for global health advancement.

Benjamin Mason Meier is Associate Professor of Global Health Policy and Zachary Taylor Smith Distinguished Professor of Public Policy at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Lawrence O. Gostin is University Professor, Founding O'Neill Chair in Global Health Law, and Director of the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University.

FOREWORDHuman Rights in Global Health Governance Mary Robinson
PREFACEPreface
INTRODUCTIONResponding to the Public Health Harms of a Globalizing World through Human Rights in Global Governance Benjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin
PART I: HUMAN RIGHTS IN GLOBAL HEALTH
1. The Origins of Human Rights in Global HealthLawrence O. Gostin and Benjamin Mason Meier
2. The Evolution of Applying Human Rights Frameworks to HealthAlicia Ely Yamin and Andrés Constantin
3. Framing Human Rights in Global Health GovernanceBenjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin
4. The Future of Global Governance for Health: Putting Rights at the Center of Sustainable Development Michel Sidibé, Helena Nygren-Krug, Bronwyn McBride, and Kent Buse
PART II: WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
5. Development of Human Rights Through WHO Benjamin Mason Meier and Florian Kastler
6. Mainstreaming Human Rights Across WHO Rebekah Thomas and Veronica Magar 7. The Future of Human Rights in WHO Flavia Bustreo, Veronica Magar, Rajat Khosla, Marcus Stahlhofer, and Rebekah Thomas
PART III: INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
8. The United Nations Children's Fund: Implementing Human Rights for Child Health Benjamin Mason Meier, Mitra Motlagh, and Kumanan Rasanathan 9. The International Labor Organization: Human Rights to Health and Safety at Work Lee Swepston 10. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization: Advancing Global Health Through Human Rights in Education and Science Audrey Chapman and Konstantinos Tararas 11. The United Nations Population Fund: An Evolving Human Rights Mission and Approach to Sexual and Reproductive Health Emilie Filmer-Wilson and Luis Mora 12. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Advancing the Right to Food to Promote Public Health Olivier de Schutter and Carolin Anthes 13. The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS: With Communities for Human Rights Helena Nygren-Krug 14. The Future of Intergovernmental Partnerships for Health and Human Rights Sarah Hawkes, Julia Kreienkamp, and Kent Buse
PART IV: GLOBAL ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE & GLOBAL HEALTH FUNDING AGENCIES
15. Integrating a Human Rights-Based Approach and the Right to Development into Global Governance for Health Stephen P. Marks 16. The World Bank: Contested Institutional Progress in Rights-Based Health Discourse Yusra Ribhi Shawar and Jennifer Prah Ruger 17. The World Trade Organization: Carving Out the Right to Health for Access to Medicines and Tobacco ControlSuerie Moon and Thirukumaran Balasubramaniam 18. National Foreign Assistance Programs: Advancing Health-Related Human Rights Through Shared Obligations for Global Health Rachel Hammonds and Gorik Ooms
19. The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria: Funding Basic Services and Meeting the Challenge of Rights-Based Programs Ralf Jürgens, Joanne Csete, Hyeyoung Lim, Susan Timberlake, and Matthew Smith 20. The Future of Multilateral Funding to Realize the Right to Health Gorik Ooms and Rachel Hammonds
PART V: GLOBAL HEALTH IN HUMAN RIGHTS GOVERNANCE
21. The Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights: Putting the Right to Health on the Agenda Gillian MacNaughton and Mariah McGill 22. United National Special Procedures: Peopling Human Rights, Peopling Global Health Thérèse Murphy and Amrei Mueller 23. Human Rights Treaty Bodies: Monitoring, Interpreting, and Adjudicating Health-Related Human Rights Benjamin Mason Meier and Virginia Brás Gomes 24. The Future of Human Rights Accountability for Global Health under the Universal Periodic Review Judith R. Bueno de Mesquita and Dabney P. Evans
PART VI: CONCLUSION AND AFTERWORD
CONCLUSION 25. Comparative Analysis on Human Rights in Global Governance for Health Benjamin Mason Meier and Lawrence O. Gostin
AFTERWORD Governance for Global Health and Human Rights in a Populist Age Benjamin Mason Meier
Index