Pulmonary Endocrine Pathology

Pulmonary Endocrine Pathology: Endocrine Cells and Endocrine Tumours of the Lung covers basic principles and concepts of pulmonary endocrinology and the anatomy, physiology and pathology of that part of the diffuse endocrine system which populates the pulmonary epithelium. The book provides a brief review of some basic principles of endocrinology and of the concept and nature of the diffuse endocrine system. The text describes the structure, physiology, and role in and reaction to natural disease; and experimental injury of the pulmonary component; and the morphology and content of endocrine cells in normal lungs. The development and distribution of the pulmonary endocrine system and how it alters from fetal to adult life are also reviewed. The book further tackles the physiology of the pulmonary endocrine system; the pulmonary endocrine system in diseased lungs and in experimental injury; and the endocrinology of bronchial neoplasms. The book then looks into the pathology of endocrine tumors of the lung, with particular emphasis on their morphology and differential diagnosis; serum markers of pulmonary endocrine neoplasms; and paraneoplastic manifestations of pulmonary endocrine neoplasms. Pathologists, physicians or surgeons who work in the fields of pulmonology, endocrinology or oncology will find the book useful.

Preface1 Introduction The Lung as an Endocrine Organ Systems of Control of Homeostasis and their Integration Types of Secretion The Concept and Nature of the Diffuse Endocrine System The Pulmonary Component of the System2 Identification, Morphology and Secretory Products of the Pulmonary Endocrine System Terminology Identification Morphology, Solitary Cells and Clusters, Neuroepithelial Bodies Innervation Established and Possible Secretory Products3 Development and Distribution of the Pulmonary Endocrine System Embryogenesis Methods of Quantisation Kinetics Development and Distribution in Fetal, Postnatal and Adult Lungs Pattern of Change with Ageing4 Physiology of the Pulmonary Endocrine System General Views of the Functions of the System Nature and Roles of its Secretory Products Bombesin-Like Peptides, Calcitonin, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide and Serotonin Pulmonary Endocrine Cells as Receptors, their Response to Hypoxia and its Consequences Pulmonary Endocrine Cells as Paracrine Regulators, their Possible Roles5 The pulmonary Endocrine System in Diseased Lungs Response of the System to Pulmonary Disease Inflammatory and Fibrotic Disorders of the Lungs Asthma, Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema, Pneumonia, Bronchiectasis and Cystic Fibrosis The Nature and Characteristics of Pulmonary Tumourlets Pulmonary Peptides in the Serum, Aberrant Secretion Neonatal Pulmonary Disease and Sudden Infant Death Hypertensive Pulmonary Vascular Disease Explaining the Response, Patterns of Proliferation and Functional Changes6 The Pulmonary Endocrine System in Experimental Injury Hypercapnia, Hyperoxia, Ozone and other Gases Particulate Material, Asbestos and Silica Response of the System to Carcinogenic Hydrocarbons Experimental Induction of Pulmonary Endocrine Tumours Nicotine and Cigarette Smoke Polluted Urban Air Miscellaneous7 Endocrine Differentiation in Pulmonary Neoplasms Range and Classification of Pulmonary Neoplasms and of Pulmonary Neoplasms Showing Endocrine Differentiation Nature of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms and the Concept of an 'Endocrine Spectrum' Carcinoid Tumours, Atypical Carcinoid Tumours and Small Cell Carcinoma and its Sub-Types Manifestations of Endocrine Differentiation, its Detection in Pulmonary Tumours and its Implications8 Pathology of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms Pathology of Carcinoid Tumours, Central and Peripheral Lesions Pathology of Atypical Carcinoid Tumours Pathology of Small Cell Carcinoma Small Cell Carcinoma in Culture, Classical and Variant Lines Genetic Pathology of Small Cell Carcinoma Autotrophic Influences on Small Cell Carcinoma Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Endocrine Tumours Endocrine Tumours and Pulmonary Tumourlets9 Serum Markers of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms Oncofetal Antigens, Placental Proteins, Enzymes and other Non-Specific Tumour Markers Neuron-Specific Enolase, Creatine Kinase, Chromogranins/Secretogranins and other 'Endocrine' Markers Secretory Products, Peptides and Amines, 'Ectopic', 'Inappropriate' or 'Aberrant' Secretion Adrenocorticotrophin and Related Peptides Calcitonin and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Arginine Vasopressin and the Neurophysins Bombesin-Like Peptides Growth Hormone and Associated Peptides Utility of Serum Markers in Management of Disease10 Paraneoplastic Manifestations of Pulmonary Endocrine Neoplasms Nature of Paraneoplastic Phenomena Mechanisms of Paraneoplasia, Secretory Products and Immune Mechanisms Endocrine Phenomena The Carcinoid Syndrome Adrenocorticotrophin and Cushing's Syndrome Inappropriate Secretion of Arginine Vasopressin Gynaecomastia Cutaneous Changes Epidermal Proliferations, Erythematous and Blistering Disorders, Hypertrichosis and Dermatomyositis Osteoarticular Phenomena