Monoclonal Antibodies

Monoclonal Antibodies: Probes for the Study of Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency focuses on the research/studies using monoclonal antibodies in two major classes of diseases, which are autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. The book comprises of 14 chapters; each is written in detail and includes studies using monoclonal antibodies of the pathogenesis and treatment of various types of diseases of disordered immunity. The first chapter presents an overview of the use of monoclonal antibodies in the study of autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. The following chapters focus on other monoclonal reagents and their uses and applications to different diseases. The last four chapters discuss specific classic endocrine diseases in reference to discoveries regarding the beginning of autoimmune mechanisms and pathophysiology. Because the book is technically written, students with background in biology, microbiology, and biochemistry are most likely the target audience of this book. Other parties in the fields of immunology, clinical medicine, pathology, and physiology will also find this book a good reference material.

Contributors Preface1. Use of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Study of Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency I. Introduction II. Differentiation of T Lymphocytes III. Functions of Mature T Lymphocyte Subsets IV. Clinical Disorders of T Lymphocytes V. Conclusion References 2. Monoclonal Antilymphocyte Antibodies: Probes for the Study of the Regulation of Hematopoiesis and Potential Clinical Applications I. Introduction II. Identification of Specific Lymphocyte Cell-Surface Molecules III. Effect of T Cells on Hematopoiesis IV. Clinical Applications V. Summary References3. Use of Monoclonal Antibodies to Identify Cell-Surface Antigens of Human Neuroendocrine Thymic Epithelium I. Introduction II. Identification of Human and Rodent Endocrine Thymic Epithelium Using Tetanus Toxin and Monoclonal Antibody A2B5 III. A Human Thymic Epithelial Antigen Acquired during Ontogeny Recognized by a Monoclonal Antibody against Human T Cell Leukemia Virus p19 IV. Discussion V. Summary References 4. Role of Prethymic and Intrathymic Elements in the Induction of T Cell Tolerance to Allogeneic Determinants: The Thymus Is Not Sufficient to Prevent Autoreactivity I. Introduction II. General Experimental Approach III. Intrathymic T Cells Are Specifically Tolerized to the Allogeneic MHC Encoded Determinants Expressed by Radioresistant Thymic Cells IV. Peripheral T Cells Are Not Tolerant to Allogeneic Thymic Elements V. Pre-T Cells Express Anti-MHC Receptors Prior to Their Entry into the Thymus, Permitting the Induction of Specific Tolerance in the Prethymic Compartment VI. The Prethymic Compartment Tolerizes to MHC Alloantigens, but Not to Non-MHC Alloantigens: Evidence That Pre-T Cells Express Anti-MHC Receptors VII. Discussion References 5. Studies of Patients with Severe Cellular and Humoral Immunodeficiency Diseases Using Monoclonal Antibodies I. Introduction II. Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Normal Donors III. Lymphocyte Subpopulation in Patients with Severe Cellular and/or Humoral Immunodeficiency IV. Correlation between Phenotypes and Function V. Lymphocyte Markers and Function after Bone Marrow Transplantation VI. Discussion References6. The Use of Monoclonal Antibodies to Characterize Human Natural Killer Cell Ontogeny and Function I. Introduction II. Monoclonal Antibodies Reactive with Human Natural Killer Cells III. Human Natural Killer Cell Ontogeny and Function Defined by Monoclonal Antibodies IV. Conclusion References 7. Utilization of Monoclonal Antibodies in the Study of Cell-Surface Antigens on Human B Lymphocytes I. Introduction II. Serologic Characterization of BA-1, BA-2, and BA-3 III. Immunochemical Characterization of the Cell-Surface Molecules Recognized by BA-1, BA-2, and BA-3 IV. Utilization of BA-1, BA-2, and BA-3 in the Study of Human Disease V. Summary References8. The Establishment of Human-Human and Human-Mouse B Cell Hybrids and Their Use in the Study of B Cell Activation I. Introduction II. Historical Perspective III. Production of Hybrid Cell Lines Secreting Human Monoclonal Antibodies IV. Optimization of Conditions for the Production of Heterohybridomas Secreting Human Monoclonal Antibodies of Predefined Specificities V. Production of Human-Mouse Heterohybridomas Secreting Human Monoclonal Antibodies of Predetermined Specificities VI. Use of Human-Human and Human-Mouse B Cell Hybrids in the Study of Human B Cell Activation and Immunoregulation VII. Conclusion References9. Murine Hybridomas Producing Autoantibodies from MRL Mice I. Introduction II. Autoantibody Production in Human and Murine Systemic Lupus Erythematosus III. Monoclonal Autoantibodies from MRL Mice IV. Summary References 10. Dual Recognition by Coupled Receptors in a Model of T Lymphocyte Differentiation I. Introduction II.

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