Noncommunicable Diseases

Noncommunicable Diseases: A Compendium introduces readers to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) - what they are, their burden, their determinants and how they can be prevented and controlled. Focusing on cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and chronic respiratory disease and their five shared main risk factors (tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and air pollution) as defined by the United Nations, this book provides a synopsis of one of the world's biggest challenges of the 21st century. NCDs prematurely claim the lives of millions of people across the world every year, with untold suffering to hundreds of millions more, trapping many people in poverty and curtailing economic growth and sustainable development. While resources between and within countries largely differ, the key principles of surveillance, prevention and management apply to all countries, as does the need to focus resources on the most cost-effective and affordable interventions and the need for strong political will, sufficient resources, and sustained and broad partnerships. This compendium consists of 59 short and accessible chapters in six sections: (i) describing and measuring the burden and impact of NCDs; (ii) the burden, epidemiology and priority interventions for individual NCDs; (iii) social determinants and risk factors for NCDs and priority interventions; (iv) global policy; (v) cross-cutting issues; and (vi) stakeholder action. Drawing on the expertise of a large and diverse team of internationally renowned policy and academic experts, the book describes the key epidemiologic features of NCDs and evidence-based interventions in a concise manner that will be useful for policymakers across all parts of society, as well as for public health and clinical practitioners. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Nick Banatvala is the head of the Secretariat of the United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force on the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases, in WHO, Geneva, that was established to bring the United Nations system and other inter-governmental organizations together to support governments in meeting the NCD-related Sustainable Development Goal targets. Nick is also an honorary professor at the University of Manchester, United Kingdom and honorary Senior Lecturer at Imperial College London. Pascal Bovet is a senior consultant and former professor of public health at the University Centre for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté) in Lausanne, Switzerland, and former head of the NCD Section and co-director of the WHO Collaborating Centre on Cardiovascular Diseases in Populations in Transition. Pascal has for many years advised governments across the world on preventing and controlling NCDs.

Part 1: Describing and Measuring the Burden and Impact of NCDs 1. Global Burden of NCDs 2. Epidemiologic and Demographic Transition as Drivers of NCDs 3. NCDs and Sustainable Development 4. Surveillance of NCDs and their Risk Factors: Principles 5. Surveillance of NCDs and their Risk Factors: Selected Tools Part 2: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions for Individual NCDs 6. Cardiovascular Disease: Burden, Epidemiology and Risk Factors 7. Cardiovascular Disease: Priority Interventions 8. Hypertension: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 9. Diabetes: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 10. Obesity: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 11. Cancer: Burden, Epidemiology and Principles for Priority Interventions 12. Breast Cancer: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 13. Cervical Cancer: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 14. Colorectal Cancer: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 15. Prostate Cancer: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 16. Chronic Respiratory Diseases: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions Part 3: Social Determinants and Risk Factors for NCDs and Priority Interventions 17. Social Determinants of Health and NCDs 18. Tobacco Use: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 19. Unhealthy Diets: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 20. Cholesterol, Saturated Fats and Trans Fats: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 21. Dietary Salt and NCDs: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 22. Dietary Sugars and NCDs: Burden, Epidemiology, and Priority Interventions 23. Food Reformulation for NCD Prevention and Control 24. Nutrition Labelling for NCD Prevention and Control 25. Physical Inactivity and NCDs: Burden, Epidemiology, and Priority Interventions 26. Harmful Use of Alcohol and NCDs: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 27. Air Pollution and NCDs: Burden, Epidemiology and Priority Interventions 28. Infectious Diseases and NCDs 29. Genetics and NCDs Part 4: Global Policy for NCD Prevention and Control 30. The WHO Global Strategy for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2000 31. United Nations High-Level Meetings on NCD Prevention and Control 32. The WHO Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs 2013-2030 33. The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products 34. Best Buys and other Recommended Interventions for NCD Prevention and Control 35. Accountability for NCD Prevention and Control Part 5: Cross Cutting Issues around NCD Prevention and Control 36. Population and Individual Approaches for NCD Prevention and Control 37. A Life-Course Approach for NCD Prevention and Control 38. Universal Health Coverage and NCD Prevention and Control 39. Financing and Allocating Resources for NCD Prevention and Control 40. Making the Economic Case for Investing in NCD Prevention and Control 41. Fiscal Measures for NCD Prevention and Control 42. Strengthening Health Systems and Service Delivery for NCD Prevention and Control 43. Screening and Health Checks for NCD Prevention and Control 44. Access to Medicines for NCD Prevention and Control 45. Access to Medical Technologies for NCD Prevention and Control 46. Law and NCD Prevention and Control 47. Changing Behaviour at Scale to Prevent NCDs 48. Promoting Health Behaviours at the Individual Level for NCD Prevention and Control 49. Digital Technologies for NCD Prevention and Control 50. Effective Communication for NCD Prevention and Control 51. NCD Prevention and Control in Emergencies and Humanitarian Settings 52. The Role of Human Rights in NCD Prevention and Control Part 6: Stakeholder Action for NCD Prevention and Control 53. Whole-of-Government Response for NCD Prevention and Control 54. Whole-of-Society Response for NCD Prevention and Control 55. The Role of People Living with NCDs in NCD Prevention and Control 56. The Role of the Private Sector in NCD Prevention and Control 57. The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in NCD Prevention and Control 58. Aid Effectiveness and the Role of Multilateral and Bilateral Development Agencies in NCD Prevention and Control 59. Leadership for NCD Prevention and Control

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