Psychoneuroimmunology

Psychoneuroimmunology, Second Edition presents reports on the relationship between the nervous and immune systems. The book is divided into four sections. The first section details the role of neural structures and neurotransmitter signals in communication with the immune system. It documents the extensive neural connections with organs of the immune system; the dynamics of noradrenergic sympathetic innervation of spleen and thymus; and the evidence for immune signaling of the CNS. Part II elaborates the role of hormones in the modulation of immune functions; the basis for bidirectional communication between the neuroendocrine and immune systems; and the potential physiological implications of these neuroendocrine-immune system interactions. The third part addresses behavioral influences on immune response; the effects of conditioning, stress and social interactions in modulating immune responses; and the behavioral consequences of experimentally altered or genetically determined immunologic states. The final section presents the effects of psychosocial factors on immune responses and the potential impact of behavioral interventions in modulating immunity in healthy human subjects and in patients with AIDS. Neuroscientists, endocrinologists, and immunologists will find the book interesting.

ContributorsPrefacePart I Neurochemical Links between the Nervous and Immune Systems Central Neural Circuits Involved in Neural-Immune Interactions Introduction Effects of CNS Lesions on the Immune System CNS Responses to Immunization Mediators of Immune-Neural Communication Immunologic Effects on Behavior Conclusions References Innervation of Lymphoid Tissue Introduction Bone Marrow Thymus Spleen Lymph Nodes Other Lymphoid Accumulations Interpreting Neuroanatomical Data Summary References Ontogeny and Senescence of Noradrenergic Innervation of the Rodent Thymus and Spleen Introduction Ontogeny of Sympathetic Neurotransmission in the Thymus Ontogeny of Sympathetic Neurotransmission in the Spleen Noradrenergic Innervation of the Mature and Aging Thymus Noradrenergic Innervation of the Mature and Aging Spleen ß-Adrenergic Receptors on Cells of the Immune System with Age Significance of Age-Related Alterations in Noradrenergic Sympathetic Innervation of Lymphoid Organs: Possible Relationship to an Age-Related Decline in Immune Function Summary References Neocortex Lateralization of Immune Function and of the Activities of Imuthiol, a T-Cell Specific Immunopotentiator Introduction Lateralized Influence of Neocortex on Immune Function Immunoenhancing Effects of Imuthiol Are under Lateralized Neocortical Control Conclusions References T-Lymphocyte Entry and Antigen Recognition in the Central Nervous System Introduction T-Lymphocyte Entry into the Central Nervous System Antigen Presentation in the Central Nervous System Summary References Interaction of the Mucosal Immune and Peripheral Nervous Systems Introduction Mucosal Architecture Innervation of Immune Cells in Mucosal Sites Nerve Growth Factor Intersystem Communication Possible Mucosal Neuroimmunological Pathways Conclusions References Immunologic Properties of Substance P Introduction Substance P and Human Inflammatory Disorders Cellular Interactions with Substance P Substance P Receptors Conclusions References Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Immune Function Introduction Structure and Biosynthesis Availability and Distribution Binding of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide to Lymphoid Cells Opportunity of Lymphoid Cells to Bind Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Effects of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide on Lymphoid Cells Vasoactive Interstinal Peptide Future Directions References Production and Recognition of Neuropeptides by Cells of the Immune System Introduction Neuroendocrine Peptides from Immunological Cells Conversion and Degradation of Neuropeptides by Immune Cells Neuropeptide Mediation of Immunological Reactions, Inflammation, and Tissue Repair Processes Human Lymphocyte Receptors for Neuropeptides Pathogenetic Roles of Neuropeptides in Immune Diseases Summary References Catecholamine Action and Immunologic Reactivity Introduction Catecholamines and Lymphocyte Responsiveness in Vitro Catecholamines and Lymphocyte Activity in Vivo Discussion: Role of Catecholamines in the Regulation of Immune Reactivity Conclusions References Neurotransmitters and Molecular Signaling in the Immune Response Introduction Role of Catecholamines in Modulating Immunity Modulation of T-Cell Function by Stimulation of ß-Adrenergic Receptors Molecular Neuroimmunomodulation-Consequences

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