Violence at the Intersection

Violence at the Intersection: The Interlocking Impact of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Class on Risk and Resilience builds upon and expands recent scholarship on the intersectionality of race, ethnicity, gender/gender identity, and class and their multiplicative effects on violent offending and victimization. Specifically, the work examines how these intersections of identity not only affect risks for experiences with violence but also account for the development and expansion of social capital in the form of resilience and human agency among those at risk. The results of the research provide a critical assessment of how embodied identities are commonly used to assess those "at risk" while largely ignoring that these individuals are simultaneously "at resilience." This work moves beyond the extant literature by considering the role of resilience in violence among disadvantaged groups. The work also contributes to growing research on identity and its centrality to experiences with violence, and provides an in-depth understanding of varied pathways to human agency and the development of social capital, even among those who are deemed disadvantaged in society. This book will appeal to undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as postdoctoral researchers interested in fields including Criminology, Criminal Justice, Women & Gender Studies, Sexuality Studies, Race and Ethnicity Studies, and Violence Studies.

Toya Z. Like is an associate dean and professor of Criminal Justice and Criminology at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. Like's research interests include multi-level assessments of risks for violent victimization, racial and ethnic variations in victimization, and the intersection between gender, race, and class as it relates to violence and justice outcomes. Her work is featured in peer-reviewed journals such as Crime & Delinquency, Deviant Behavior, and Violence & Victims, and also in books such as The Many Colors of Crime and Images of Color, Images of Crime. She earned her B.S., M.A., and Ph.D. from the University of Missouri-St. Louis.

Introduction: Risk and Resilience: An Introspective Examination 1 Identity Formation, Status, and Social Capital on Risks for and Resiliency Against Violence 2 The Role of Gender Identity on Experiences with Violence 3 The Role of Racial and Ethnic Identity on Experiences with Violence 4 The Role of Class Identity on Experiences with Violence 5 Intersections of Gender, Race, Ethnicity, and Class on Experiences with Violence 6 Implications of and Future Directions for Research on Violence Risks and Resilience Epilogue: Trauma to Triumph