Workforce Readiness and the Future of Work

Workforce readiness is an issue that is of great national and societal importance. For the United States and other countries to thrive in a globally interconnected environment of wide-ranging opportunities and threats, the need to develop and maintain a skilled and adaptable workforce is critical. National investments in job training and schools remain essential in stimulating businesses and employment agencies to collaborate productively with educators who provide both training and vocational guidance. Workforce Readiness and the Future of Work argues that the large-scale multifaceted efforts required to ensure a reliable and strong supply of talent and skill in the U.S. workforce should be addressed systematically, simultaneously, and systemically across disciplines of thought and levels of analysis. In a four-part framework, the authors cover the major areas of: - education in the K-12, vocational, postsecondary, and STEM arenas; - economic and labor market considerations; - employment, organizations, and the world of work; - laws, policies, and budgets at the federal, state, local, and military levels. With contributions from leading scholars, this volume informs high-priority workforce effectiveness issues of current and future concern and concrete research, practice, and policy directions to generate novel insights of a multilevel and system-wide nature.

Frederick L. Oswald is Professor and Herbert S. Autrey Chair in Social Sciences in the Department of Psychological Sciences at Rice University. His expertise, research, and grants focus on measuring individual differences (ability, knowledge, motivation, personality, interests) in organizational, educational, and military settings. He is the past president (2017-2018) of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP), a member of the Board of Human Systems Integration (BOHSI) of the National Academy of Science (2015-2021), and a fellow of the American Psychological Association, Association for Psychological Science, and SIOP. See http://workforce.rice.edu Tara S. Behrend is Associate Professor in the Department of Organizational Sciences and Communication at The George Washington University. Her work addresses career decision-making in STEM disciplines, and technology-based recruiting, selection, training, and skills development in organizations. She is the editor of The Industrial-Organizational Psychologist, Senior Research Fellow for the Massachusetts Institute for College and Career Readiness, a psychometrician for the American Council on Education, and a 2016 Cyber Initiative Fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (CASBS) at Stanford University. See http://wave-lab.org Lori L. Foster is Professor in the Department of Psychology at North Carolina State University and the School of Commerce at the University of Cape Town. She served as a fellow with the Obama White House's Social and Behavioral Sciences Team (SBST, 2014-2016), and as a behavioral science advisor to the United Nations (2016). In her academic role, she oversees the 4D Lab, focused on research at the intersection of work, psychology, technology, and development. In the private sector, she is Head of Behavioral Science at pymetrics. She is a fellow of the American Psychological Association, Association for Psychological Science, and SIOP. See http://4dlab.org

Series Editor's Foreword Richard Klimoski Preface Frederick L. Oswald, Tara S. Behrend, Lori L. Foster Chapter 1: The Psychology of Working and Workforce Readiness: How to Pursue Decent Work Richard P. Douglas, Ryan D. Duffy, Jessica W. England, and Nicholas P. Gensmer Part I - Education Chapter 2: Supporting the Development of Interest in the Workplace K. Ann and Suzanne E. Hidi Chapter 3: Preparing Students for the Future of Work: A Formative Assessment Approach Alex Casillas, Patrick C. Kyllonen, and Jason Way Chapter 4: Advancing Workforce Readiness Among Low-Income and Minority High School Students Barbara Schneider, Lindsey Young Part II - Employment Chapter 5: Workforce Readiness in Times of Change: Employer Perspectives Richard A. Guzzo Chapter 6: The Military as a Source for Civilian Workforce Development Nathan D. Ainspan, Karin A. Orvis, and Lynne M. Kelley Chapter 7: O*NET and The Nature of Work Erich Dierdorff and Kemp Ellington Part III - Technology Chapter 8: Technology and Workforce Readiness: Implications for Skills Training and the Economy Harry J. Holzer Chapter 9: Data and Technology for Impact Hiring: Two Early Experiments Darko Lovric, Shanti Nayak, Abigail Carlton, and Mark McCoy Chapter 10: Identifying and Managing Talent in the Age of Artificial Intelligence Reece Akhtar, Dave Winsborough, Darko Lovric, and Tomas Chmorro-Premuzic Part IV - Policy Chapter 11: Education for Workforce Readiness: Findings from Reports of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Margaret Hilton Chapter 12: Apprenticeships John S. Gaal Chapter 13 Credentialing in the 21st Century: Looking Beyond the Event Horizon James Keevy, Volker Rein, Borhene Chakroun, Lori L. Foster Prospects and Pitfalls in Building the Future Workforce Ruth Kanfer and Jamai Blivin Index

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