Das rechtsgeschäftliche Surrogat im Rechtsvergleich

For what reasons does an obligation to surrender the contractual surrogate arise under §§ 285(1), 816(1), 818(1) and (2), and 822 of the German Civil Code (BGB)? Nathan Krian explores this question by examining the functional equivalents in the law of England and Wales. The insights gained from this analysis are then compared with the reasoning developed in German law in similar contexts, in order to make the value judgments of English law useful for the German legal discourse. Particularly revealing is the allocation function of contractual promises in English law, which is of special interest for explaining the obligation to surrender the contractual surrogate under § 285(1) BGB. In this context, Krian analyzes cases in which the allocation function of contractual promises is realized through tracing-especially in the context of the Vendor Purchaser Constructive Trust. To this end, the study first provides an overview of the trust as a legal institution and of the requirements of the Vendor Purchaser Constructive Trust and specific performance. Finally, the examination of the surrender of contractual surrogates in English law also includes a discussion of the concepts of disgorgement and damages, in order to present a comprehensive picture of the mechanisms giving rise to such claims.

Born 1997; 2020 First State Examination in Law; Research assistant at the Chair of Civil Law, International and European Private Law, and Comparative Law at the University of Greifswald; 2025 Doctorate; Legal clerkship.

Einleitung
Kapitel 1: Der Stand im deutschen Recht
A. Fälle
B. Anspruch auf rechtsgeschäftliche Surrogate bei Vertragsbeziehung
C. Anspruch auf rechtsgeschäftliche Surrogate ohne Vertragsbeziehung
D. Zusammenfassung
Kapitel 2: Das rechtsgeschäftliche Surrogat im englischen Recht
A. Einleitung
B. Tracing
C. Alternative Methoden zur Gewinnabschöpfung
D. Exkurs: Termination of contract
E. Die Haftung des Dritten
F. Lösung der Fälle
G. Zusammenfassung der Gründe für die Herausgabe des rechtsgeschäftlichen Surrogats
H. Ergebnis zum englischen Recht
Kapitel 3: Übertragbare Ergebnisse aus der Untersuchung des englischen Rechts
A. Argumente für § 285 Abs. 1 BGB
B. Argumente für § 346 Abs. 1 BGB
C. Argumente für § 818 Abs. 1 und 2 BGB
D. Argumente für § 816 Abs. 1 BGB
E. Argumente für § 822 BGB
F. Ergebnis der Rechtsvergleichung
Zusammenfassung